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<p>The use of F2 factors for foundation heat flows has always been
flawed. The simplest explanation for the F2 factor is that it's
the effective U-value per perimeter length. This formulation
assumes that there are no heat loses through the foundation away
from the perimeter, which is simply not true (think of the case in
Minnesota where the constant deep ground temperatures is between
55 and 60 F). The other problem is the delta-T used to derive
the F2 factor is not clearly defined. All the studies I've seen
(albeit all these are from 30 years ago or more) derived them
against the outdoor air temperature, or more exactly, Tin -
Tair. This then opens up the question whether in DOE-2 the slab
should be modeled as an exterior wall or an underground wall?
The third problem is that by treating the slab as a monolithic
surface, it lumps the heat flow characteristics along the
perimeter with those of the slab core , which differ in both
magnitude and time lag. <br>
</p>
<p>When I last had a project on ground heat flows 17 years ago, I
proposed a simplified method where the foundation was divided into
three regions (perimeter 1' , near perimeter 1-4', and core
>4' deep), each with 3 conductances to the daily average air
temperature , average air temperature over the past three weeks,
and the deep ground temperature. This method was implemented in
an enhanced version of DOE-2.1E, and from what I hear, adopted
into California Title-24. If anyone is interested to read the
report, just send me an e-mail.<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="#yiv9572653599Picture_x0020_4"><br>
</a></p>
<p>The good news for everyone here is that there is now a RTAR/WS
(ASHRAE terminology for a RFP) being circulated in TC 4.7 (Energy
Calculations) that aims to develop a better simplified ground
model to replace the F2 factors. Stay tuned but be forewarned that
it takes ASHRAE at least a year to approve a project and another
half year to pick a contractor, so don't expect any products for
another 3 years.</p>
<p>Joe<br>
</p>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="90">Moraga CA 94556
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:yjhuang@whiteboxtechnologies.com">yjhuang@whiteboxtechnologies.com</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://weather.whiteboxtechnologies.com">http://weather.whiteboxtechnologies.com</a> for simulation-ready weather data
(o) (925)388-0265
(c) (510)928-2683
"building energy simulations at your fingertips"
</pre>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 2/2/2018 12:26 PM, Paul Diglio via
Equest-users wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:1867368567.2239059.1517603193184@mail.yahoo.com">
<div style="color:#000; background-color:#fff;
font-family:Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande,
sans-serif;font-size:16px">
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42721" dir="ltr">Thanks
Bill, you are always such a big help. That is what I thought,
but just wanted to run it by the forum.<br>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42720"><br>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42723">Thanks to you
too Nathan.<br>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42719"><span></span></div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42618"> </div>
<div class="signature"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42619">Paul Diglio<br>
<br>
</div>
<div class="qtdSeparateBR"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42620"><br>
<br>
</div>
<div class="yahoo_quoted"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42626" style="display:
block;">
<div style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial,
Lucida Grande, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42625">
<div style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue,
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<div dir="ltr" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42623">
<font id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42622"
size="2" face="Arial">
<hr id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42621"
size="1"> <b><span style="font-weight:bold;">From:</span></b>
"Bishop, Bill" <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:bbishop@pathfinder-ea.com"><bbishop@pathfinder-ea.com></a><br>
<b><span style="font-weight: bold;">To:</span></b>
Nathan Miller <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:nathanm@rushingco.com"><nathanm@rushingco.com></a>; Paul
Diglio <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:paul.diglio@sbcglobal.net"><paul.diglio@sbcglobal.net></a>;
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:equest-users@onebuilding.org">"equest-users@onebuilding.org"</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:equest-users@onebuilding.org"><equest-users@onebuilding.org></a> <br>
<b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Sent:</span></b>
Friday, February 2, 2018 3:13 PM<br>
<b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Subject:</span></b>
RE: [Equest-users] Slab on Grade Floor Heat Loss<br>
</font> </div>
<div class="y_msg_container"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42658"><br>
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<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42657">
<div class="yiv9572653599WordSection1"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42656">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42700"><span
style="color:#1F497D;">Paul,</span></div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42655"><span
style="color:#1F497D;"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42654">Your
reviewer may have thought that if the slab was
showing up as an “exterior surface” (such as
on the LV-D report) than the model was
simulating heat transfer between the zones and
the outside air through the slab. But
eQUEST/DOE-2 simulates heat transfer across
underground surfaces differently, as described
in the UNDERGROUND-WALL and UNDERGROUND-FLOOR
section of the DOE-2 help documentation. The
main difference is that ground temperature is
used instead of the OA temperature as the
outside temperature. The monthly ground
temperature is taken from the weather file, or
can be entered as SITE-PARAMETERS:GROUND-T.</span></div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42765"><span
style="color:#1F497D;"> </span></div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42660"><span
style="color:#1F497D;"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42661">The
eQUEST wizard creates custom constructions for
each underground surface based on inputs for
Exterior/Cavity Insulation and Perimeter Floor
Insulation. Underground floors are given
constructions with low U-factor (high R-value)
consistent with the lower heat transfer that
would be expected.</span></div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42766"><span
style="color:#1F497D;"> </span></div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42699"><span
style="color:#1F497D;">Regards,</span></div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"><span
style="color:#1F497D;">~Bill</span></div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42662"><span
style="color:#1F497D;"> </span></div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42669">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42697"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;">William Bishop,
PE, BEMP, BEAP, CEM, LEED AP
</span></b><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;">|</span></b><b
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42696"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42695">
Pathfinder Engineers & Architects LLP</span></b></div>
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style="font-size:9.0pt;line-height:105%;">T: (585) 698-1956</span></i></b><b><i><span
style="color:#002060;">
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<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
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style="color:#1F497D;"> </span></div>
<div class="yiv9572653599yqt0055857711"
id="yiv9572653599yqt28255">
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42684">
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid
#E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in;"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42683">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42682"><b>From:</b>
Equest-users
[<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:equest-users-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org">mailto:equest-users-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Nathan Miller via
Equest-users<br clear="none">
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, February 02, 2018
2:35 PM<br clear="none">
<b>To:</b> Nathan Miller
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:nathanm@rushingco.com"><nathanm@rushingco.com></a>; Paul Diglio
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:paul.diglio@sbcglobal.net"><paul.diglio@sbcglobal.net></a>;
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:equest-users@onebuilding.org">equest-users@onebuilding.org</a><br
clear="none">
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Equest-users] Slab on
Grade Floor Heat Loss</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"> </div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal">Fixed my
typo in the F-factor heat loss calc (should
have read 50 ft of perimeter)… See below.
</div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"> </div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42693">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
style="margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:4.0pt;margin-left:0in;">
<b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">Nathan
Miller, PE, LEED AP BD+C</span></b><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;"> –
</span></b><i><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;">Mechanical
Engineer/Senior Energy Analyst</span></i><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;"></span></b></div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
style="margin-top:3.0pt;line-height:115%;"><b><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;">RUSHING</span></b><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;">
</span><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;">|</span><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;">
</span><b><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;">O</span></b><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;">
</span><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;">206-285-7100
|</span><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;">
</span><b><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;">C</span></b><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;">
</span><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;">207-650-3942</span><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;"></span></div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
style="line-height:115%;"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42692"><b><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;"><a rel="nofollow" shape="rect"
target="_blank"
href="http://www.rushingco.com/"
moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="color:#6F1200;">www.rushingco.com</span></a></span></b><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;line-height:115%;"></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"> </div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42689">
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid
#E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in;"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42688">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42687"><b>From:</b>
Equest-users [<a rel="nofollow"
shape="rect"
ymailto="mailto:equest-users-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org"
target="_blank"
href="mailto:equest-users-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org"
id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_42686" moz-do-not-send="true">mailto:equest-users-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Nathan Miller via
Equest-users<br clear="none">
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, February 2, 2018 2:33
PM<br clear="none">
<b>To:</b> Paul Diglio <<a
rel="nofollow" shape="rect"
ymailto="mailto:paul.diglio@sbcglobal.net"
target="_blank"
href="mailto:paul.diglio@sbcglobal.net"
moz-do-not-send="true">paul.diglio@sbcglobal.net</a>>;
<a rel="nofollow" shape="rect"
ymailto="mailto:equest-users@onebuilding.org"
target="_blank"
href="mailto:equest-users@onebuilding.org"
moz-do-not-send="true">equest-users@onebuilding.org</a><br
clear="none">
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Equest-users] Slab on
Grade Floor Heat Loss</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"> </div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal">In the past
I’ve done a conversion of F-factor (perimeter
based) slab-on-grade heat loss to U-factor
(area) and input that in on a zone-by-zone
basis if I really wanted to nail down SOG heat
loss.
</div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"> </div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal">Example-
Space is 20’ x 30’, but the exposed perimeter
is only two of the faces (20’ + 30’). Lets say
it is uninsulated SOG.
</div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"> </div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal">F-factor
from 90.1: F = 0.73 Btu/(hr*ft*F)<br
clear="none">
<br clear="none">
Perimeter based heat loss: 0.73 Btu/(hr*ft*F)
* 50 ft = 36.5 BTU/(hr *F)</div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"> </div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal">Then we can
back-calculate the U-factor to assume for the
whole floor to equate to that heat loss: 36.5
BTU/(hr *F) = 600 SF * X BTU/(hr*SF*F) -> U
= 0.0608 BTU/(hr*SF*F)</div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"> </div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal">You can
create a custom floor construction for each
space to provide the U-factor to produce
equivalent heat loss that the F-factor calcs
are telling you lose. For purely core zones
(no exposed perimeter), I guess the F-factor
calcs are telling us were not really losing
heat through that slab (doesn’t’ seem right,
but it probably is relatively small)
</div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"> </div>
<div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
style="margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:4.0pt;margin-left:0in;">
<b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">Nathan
Miller, PE, LEED AP BD+C</span></b><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;"> –
</span></b><i><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;">Mechanical
Engineer/Senior Energy Analyst</span></i><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;"></span></b></div>
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style="margin-top:3.0pt;line-height:115%;"><b><span
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</span><b><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;">O</span></b><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;">
</span><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;">206-285-7100
|</span><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;">
</span><b><span
style="font-size:8.0pt;line-height:115%;">C</span></b><span
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</span><span
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<div style="border:none;border-top:solid
#E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in;">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"><b>From:</b>
Equest-users [<a rel="nofollow"
shape="rect"
ymailto="mailto:equest-users-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org"
target="_blank"
href="mailto:equest-users-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org"
moz-do-not-send="true">mailto:equest-users-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Paul Diglio via
Equest-users<br clear="none">
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, February 2, 2018 2:19
PM<br clear="none">
<b>To:</b> <a rel="nofollow" shape="rect"
ymailto="mailto:equest-users@onebuilding.org" target="_blank"
href="mailto:equest-users@onebuilding.org"
moz-do-not-send="true">equest-users@onebuilding.org</a><br
clear="none">
<b>Subject:</b> [Equest-users] Slab on
Grade Floor Heat Loss</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"> </div>
<div>
<div
id="yiv9572653599yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_11245">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
style="background:white;"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;">I recently
submitted a model to the local utility
company for an incentive. Part of the
buildings' first floor is slab on grade.</span></div>
</div>
<div
id="yiv9572653599yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_11310">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;background:white;"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
id="yiv9572653599yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_11309">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;background:white;"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;">One of the
comments I received back is that this
erroneously shows up as an exterior
surface and I should delete all the slab
on grade floors in the component tree.
Doesn't seem right to me.</span></div>
</div>
<div
id="yiv9572653599yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_11372">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;background:white;"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
id="yiv9572653599yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_11378">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
style="background:white;"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;">I did a few
and it does reduce the overall energy
consumption. In the 3D model, no floors
show, just open to the interior of the
zone.</span></div>
</div>
<div
id="yiv9572653599yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_11371">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;background:white;"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
id="yiv9572653599yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_11373">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;background:white;"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;">So is eQuest
assuming that without this floor, there
is no heat loss out the bottom of the
zone? Is this reasonable?</span></div>
</div>
<div
id="yiv9572653599yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_11387">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;background:white;"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
id="yiv9572653599yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_11388">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
style="background:white;"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;">Thank you,</span></div>
</div>
<div
id="yiv9572653599yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_11246">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
style="background:white;"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
id="yiv9572653599yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1517591308519_11247">
<div class="yiv9572653599MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;background:white;"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;">Paul Diglio</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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</div>
<br>
<br>
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