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<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>People can make an argument that
the total energy usage due to wall/roof insulation levels can at times seem
like a small percentage of the total energy use in some buildings.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>This might also be true of the
value of a green roof on a 40 story building – of course the effect is
only 1/40<sup>th</sup> of the effect on an identical footprint one story
building. But for that one level the effect is just as important as it
would be for the top level (only level?) of the shorter building.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>There still is an absolute amount
of energy involved that can be directly affected by the selection of an optimal
insulation value. Just because the building is dominated by ventilation
loads doesn’t mean there can’t be a real savings by choosing the
best insulation levels.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>The idea might be worth one or two
parametric runs of your simulation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>David<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div style='border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'>
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<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>
equest-users-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org
[mailto:equest-users-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Karen
Walkerman<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, January 14, 2009 12:30 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> James Geers<br>
<b>Cc:</b> equest-users@lists.onebuilding.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Equest-users] CO2 sensors and outside air reduction. LEED
for schools & ASHRAE 90.1-2004<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>First of all, changing the
R-value of walls and roofs can have a significant impact on overall energy use,
especially in locations with extreme outdoor conditions. Granted, with
more ventilation air required, the envelope is responsible for a smaller piece
of the overall energy use of the building.<br>
<br>
So, to reduce ventilation air energy use:<br>
<br>
A. Use energy recovery ventilation! In moderate climates, energy
recovery ventilation might not make a whole lot of sense, but climates where
heat is needed much of the year, ERV's make a lot of sense!<br>
<br>
B. Turn off the ventilation when it's not needed! This includes
time clocks and CO2 sensors. I've seen alot of schools with old unit
ventilators in each classroom. These unit ventilators often stay on all
night, bringing cold air into the classroom and wasting tons of heat!<br>
<br>
Regarding your CO2 questions:<br>
<br>
1. Decoupling the ventilation air distribution system from an airside air
conditioning system allows for the most options. Installation of CO2
sensors in each space with corresponding ventilation air VAV supply results in
ventilation air being supplied only where it's needed. But, this can be
cost-prohibitive, and where lots of spaces see similar occupancy, completely
unnecessary.<br>
<br>
2. It is permissible to vary the CFM between the base case and design
case for ASHRAE 90.1-2004 Appendix G (G.3.1.2.5 Exception), some programs,
including eQuest model DCV, so no change in ventilation rate is required, just
activation of DCV.<br>
<br>
3. In a building with 40 classrooms, you could create one branch of each
type of space (classrooms, offices), and control ventilation to each block of
spaces. For high-use areas with varying schedules (caffeteria, gymnasium
and auditorium), have each space have it's own demand controlled ventilation.<br>
<br>
5. If you model this in eQuest, you can still do blocks of classrooms,
especially if your occupancy schedule is the same for each classroom.<br>
<br>
Hope this helps,<br>
<br>
--<br>
Karen<br>
<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>On Wed, Jan 14, 2009 at 12:01 PM, James Geers <<a
href="mailto:jgeers@sfa-architects.com">jgeers@sfa-architects.com</a>>
wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Previous
posts have confirmed my suspicions that increasing the R-value of walls and
roofs has little to no effect on energy performance, due to the outside air
requirements. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>This raises
a few questions:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p style='text-indent:.25in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>1.
What is the most effective way to use CO2 sensors to dramatically reduce the
outside air requirements?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<ol start=2 type=1>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Is
it permissible to vary the CFM between the base case and design case in
the ASHRAE 90.1-2004 Appendix G model, and consequently in the LEED
template?</span><o:p></o:p></li>
</ol>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<ol start=3 type=1>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
mso-list:l3 level1 lfo2'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>What
is the most effective way to use CO2 monitoring in a building with 40
classrooms and other large spaces. If one sensor is triggered, won't
the entire zone get fresh air and defeat the energy savings?</span><o:p></o:p></li>
</ol>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<ol start=4 type=1>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>If
every classroom has a sensor, does any one have experience with the
replaceable / Mail in sensors to assure their accuracy.</span><o:p></o:p></li>
</ol>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<ol start=5 type=1>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
mso-list:l2 level1 lfo4'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>If
I model this in Equest, do I need a zone for every classroom.</span><o:p></o:p></li>
</ol>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Thank you
for any feed back.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:navy'>James
F. Geers</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";
color:navy'>Registered Architect</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";
color:navy'>LEED Accredited Professional</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><b><span style='font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";
color:navy'>SFA Architects</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";
color:navy'>300 West Fourth Street</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";
color:navy'>Cincinnati, Ohio 45202</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";
color:navy'>513.721.0600</span></b><b><span style='font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";
color:navy'> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";
color:navy'>513.721.0611 (fax)</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p> <o:p></o:p></p>
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