[Equest-users] New CWEC files and snow/rain flags - update
Joe Huang
yjhuang at whiteboxtechnologies.com
Fri Jan 12 17:43:19 PST 2018
Chirstopher,
I hope you're aware that the wind direction in the DOE-2 files are from 0 to 16, while
those in the standard weather reports and *.wy3 and *.epw formats are in degrees 0-360.
Joe
Joe Huang
White Box Technologies, Inc.
346 Rheem Blvd., Suite 205A
Moraga CA 94556
yjhuang at whiteboxtechnologies.com
http://weather.whiteboxtechnologies.com for simulation-ready weather data
(o) (925)388-0265
(c) (510)928-2683
"building energy simulations at your fingertips"
On 1/12/2018 7:06 AM, Jones, Christopher wrote:
>
> Joe,
>
> Your question is valid. When I look at the .wy3 file, there are a number of rain and
> snow entries. I am not sure how the DOE2 weather processor sorts these out to arrive at
> one rain flag and one snow flag.
>
> Note, I had to rearrange the .wy3 file to align the columns so the DOE2 weather
> processor recognized the fields. I was successful for all fields except the wind
> direction. I am not sure where I am going wrong but I can see the wind direction in the
> .wy3 file and it matches the .epw file values.
>
> **
>
> *Christopher R. Jones*, P.Eng.
>
> Technical Specialist
>
> Sustainability & Energy
>
> T +1 416-644-0252
>
> 2300 Yonge Street, Suite 2300
>
> Toronto, ON M4P 1E4 Canada
>
> wsp.com
>
> __
>
> **
>
> /Please consider the environment before printing.../
>
> *From:*Joe Huang [mailto:yjhuang at whiteboxtechnologies.com]
> *Sent:* Thursday, January 11, 2018 9:51 PM
> *To:* Jones, Christopher <Christopher.r.Jones at wsp.com>; Brian Fountain
> <bfountain at greensim.com>
> *Cc:* equest-users at onebuilding.org
> *Subject:* Re: [Equest-users] New CWEC files and snow/rain flags - update
>
> Christopher,
>
> This is very interesting information for several reasons:
>
> (1) the snow and rain flags are not part of the raw data stream from the weather
> stations, so I've assumed they have to be extracted from the Present Weather reports,
>
> (2) the wy3 is a derived weather file format developed for ASHRAE back in the late 1990s
> so old that Env Canada might be the only place still using it; I'm not aware that the
> wy3 contains the snow/rain flags but they must have been put there by Env. Canada, and I
> would be very interested to see how these flags correlate to what I can get from the
> Present Weather data in the raw weather files.
>
> In the little bit of time I've spent looking into this issue over the past week, I was
> unsure which of the PW codes should be used for the Snow/Rain flags. Take a look at the
> attached table of Present Weather Observation Codes currently used in weather station
> reports, i.e., METAR. Should we use all the 7's as ISNOW, although 74 - 76 refers to
> "Ice Pellets", and what about 85 - 87 referring to "Snow showers or intermittent rain"?
> Similarly, we can use all the 6's as IRAIN, but what about 24 (Rain), 25 (Freezing
> Drizzle), etc.? That's why I'm very interested to see what Env. Canada did.
>
> (I'm also adding BLDG-SIM back to this post because the same issue has been in
> discussions there, too.
>
> Joe
>
> Joe Huang
> White Box Technologies, Inc.
> 346 Rheem Blvd., Suite 205A
> Moraga CA 94556
> yjhuang at whiteboxtechnologies.com <mailto:yjhuang at whiteboxtechnologies.com>
> http://weather.whiteboxtechnologies.com for simulation-ready weather data
> (o) (925)388-0265
> (c) (510)928-2683
> "building energy simulations at your fingertips"
>
> On 1/11/2018 10:57 AM, Jones, Christopher wrote:
>
> The Environment Canada website has the latest version of the CWEC files - .epw and
> raw, .wy3 format. The .epw file does not include the snow rain flags but the raw
> data .wy3 file does. I converted the .wy3 file to .bin using the DOE2 weather
> processor and voila, the snow and rain flags are included in the .bin file. Now, I
> only converted 1 file as a test but it is encouraging.
>
> **
>
> *Christopher R. Jones*, P.Eng.
>
> Technical Specialist
>
> Sustainability & Energy
>
> T +1 416-644-0252
>
> 2300 Yonge Street, Suite 2300
>
> Toronto, ON M4P 1E4 Canada
>
> wsp.com
>
> __
>
> **
>
> /Please consider the environment before printing.../
>
> *From:* Joe Huang [mailto:yjhuang at whiteboxtechnologies.com]
> *Sent:* Tuesday, January 09, 2018 4:50 PM
> *To:* Brian Fountain <bfountain at greensim.com> <mailto:bfountain at greensim.com>;
> Jones, Christopher <Christopher.r.Jones at wsp.com> <mailto:Christopher.r.Jones at wsp.com>
> *Subject:* Re: [Bldg-sim] [EnergyPlus_Support] RE: [Equest-users] White Box
> Technologies brings simulation weather data to the satellite age
>
> Hmm, the Canadian contingent on the bulletin boards are voicing their needs in
> weather data :-) This reminds me of the one trip I took to Calgary in December
> 20+ years ago and seeing the parking lots had electrical outlets at each spot so
> that car engines would not freeze up. I was duly impressed.
>
> Back to the snow flag on weather files, isn't the condition of most relevance
> whether there's snow cover, rather than whether it's snowing? Unfortunately, the
> weather station raw data do not report this, which could vary quite a bit depending
> on the ground surface anyway. There ARE fields for solid precipitation similar to
> those for liquid precipitation. I've never looked carefully at these, but they
> might give the amount of snow fall over the past so many hours, which would be an
> improvement over the Present Weather that just tells whether or not there is
> snowfall that hour. One might be able to calculate snow cover based on the amount
> of snow fall, solar radiation, and temperature. It's quite likely that some
> meteorologist or physicist with time on his/her hands might have already done that
> in Canada. If you know of any such work, let me know.
>
> Just based on what I've read so far, I'm going to start putting in the IRAIN and
> ISNOW flags into the DOE-2 *.binm files.
>
> Joe
>
> Joe Huang
>
> White Box Technologies, Inc.
>
> 346 Rheem Blvd., Suite 205A
>
> Moraga CA 94556
>
> yjhuang at whiteboxtechnologies.com <mailto:yjhuang at whiteboxtechnologies.com>
>
> http://weather.whiteboxtechnologies.com for simulation-ready weather data
>
> (o) (925)388-0265
>
> (c) (510)928-2683
>
> "building energy simulations at your fingertips"
>
> On 1/8/2018 4:35 PM, Brian Fountain wrote:
>
> As Chris suggested, they aren't used directly in the sim ... but we use them to
> create custom schedules for snow melting loads.
>
> On 08/01/2018 6:44 PM, Joe Huang via Bldg-sim wrote:
>
> The rain and snow flags are still available in the raw weather station data,
> but haven't been included in the processed weather files since the 1990's
> because everyone in this hemisphere at least have adopted the TMY2/TMY3
> formats, in content if not the literal file format, developed by NREL,
> which does not include these two flags. I was also under the impression that
> none of the simulation programs, such as DOE-2, do not use these two flags
> anyway. If these flags are of use, it would make sense to include them,
> which would not require a change in the DOE-2 *.BINM format, but would
> require a change to the EnergyPlus *.epw format.
>
> Joe
>
> Joe Huang
>
> White Box Technologies, Inc.
>
> 346 Rheem Blvd., Suite 205A
>
> Moraga CA 94556
>
> yjhuang at whiteboxtechnologies.com <mailto:yjhuang at whiteboxtechnologies.com>
>
> http://weather.whiteboxtechnologies.com for simulation-ready weather data
>
> (o) (925)388-0265
>
> (c) (510)928-2683
>
> "building energy simulations at your fingertips"
>
> On 1/8/2018 12:15 PM, 'Jones, Christopher' christopher.r.jones at wsp.com
> <mailto:christopher.r.jones at wsp.com> [EnergyPlus_Support] wrote:
>
> I have a question – what happened to the rain and snow flags that were
> in the old CWEC file but are missing in the latest versions. Many snow
> melting systems have a snow/rain sensor in the slab used to trigger the
> system on.
>
> **
>
> *Christopher R. Jones*, P.Eng.
>
> Technical Specialist
>
> Sustainability & Energy
>
> T +1 416-644-0252
>
> 2300 Yonge Street, Suite 2300
>
> Toronto, ON M4P 1E4 Canada
>
> wsp.com
>
> **
>
> /Please consider the environment before printing.../
>
> *From:* Equest-users [mailto:equest-users-bounces at lists.onebuilding.org]
> *On Behalf Of *Joe Huang via Equest-users
> *Sent:* Tuesday, January 02, 2018 10:15 PM
> *To:* Nicholas Caton <Nicholas.Caton at schneider-electric.com>
> <mailto:Nicholas.Caton at schneider-electric.com>; BLDG-SIM
> <bldg-sim at lists.onebuilding.org>
> <mailto:bldg-sim at lists.onebuilding.org>; EnergyPlus_Support
> <EnergyPlus_Support at yahoogroups.com>
> <mailto:EnergyPlus_Support at yahoogroups.com>;
> equest-users at onebuilding.org <mailto:equest-users at onebuilding.org>
> *Cc:* Jim Dirkes <jim at buildingperformanceteam.com>
> <mailto:jim at buildingperformanceteam.com>
> *Subject:* Re: [Equest-users] White Box Technologies brings simulation
> weather data to the satellite age
>
> Nick,
>
> This is an interesting topic that has evolved in an unexpected way. Now
> that NREL has mastered the technology of satellite-derived solar
> radiation, they have regarded weather station data as an impediment,
> since there's no way to get such measured data to match the 5-kilometer
> grid of the satellite-derived solar. Therefore, they have abandoned the
> weather station data (which was was used in all the TMYs to date) and
> gone instead to Reanalysis Data from NOAA's MERRA, which is running a
> climate forecasting model in retrospective mode. I don't have time now
> to discuss reanalysis, except to say that from what I've seen the
> results are decidedly "iffy". Almost two years ago, I managed to get a
> Work Statement through ASHRAE for someone to take a good look at
> reanalysis data.
>
> So, what does this mean for your question? NREL's National Solar
> Radiation Data Base (NSRDB) can now get you the hourly time series or a
> TMY for more than a million grid points over the US, all with
> satellite-derived solar radiation but MERRA results for the other
> climate parameters. I've told NREL several years ago that for the
> building simulation industry it would be much better to merge the
> satellite-derived solar with actual station data that give good accurate
> coverage of urban areas where buildings are located. NREL's response was
> that they'd be happy to do this, but someone has to pay them for the work.
>
> In response to your hypothesis below, I think you're being too
> disparaging of the previous modeling efforts while raising too high your
> expectations of satellite solar. It's not that the previous models
> failed to account for local climate conditions, but that they lacked
> good data to drive them. For example, all models included terms for
> cloud cover and clearness, or for the more detailed physical models
> arcane parameters like aerosol optical depth, preciptable moisture,
> etc., but how available are the input data and how reliable are they?
> The advantages of satellite-derived solar are that they provide a
> comprehensive and objective view of the cloud conditions, which combined
> with satellite measurements of the atmospheric conditions and improved
> modeling, results in accuracies that previous modeling efforts can not
> attain. As far as discerning localized effects of smog and dust in urban
> areas, that would still depend on whether there's sufficient monitoring
> at that spatial and time scale to detect the differences. What I mean
> is that it's one thing to observe that in general urban locations have
> more smog and particulates than rural locations, but it's something else
> to quantify the resultant differences in solar radiation over time and
> distance.
>
> I'd like to take the opportunity here to step back and comment on the
> status of weather data for the building energy community, My
> interactions with NREL has brought the realization that we have been
> piggy-backing on the efforts of others outside our community for our
> weather data. I don't intend to pick on the NREL Solar Program, several
> of whom I consider friends and colleagues, but their target client is
> the solar power industry. Since solar power arrays can be installed
> anywhere, preferably in rural uninhabited locations, it makes sense to
> go to satellite-derived solar. It's also clear that to serve that
> industry, NREL would focus its efforts on getting the best solar values,
> while all the other climatic parameters, like temperature, humidity,
> wind speed, etc., are secondary, which may be why getting them from
> MERRA is a satisfactory choice. The focus on solar is also evident in
> the weighting used by NREL to develop the TMYs, with 50% weight placed
> on the 2 solar and 50% on the remaining 8 non-solar parameters.
>
> For the building energy community, or priorities are somewhat different.
> Since 99% of buildings are located in urban locations, we should focus
> much more on climate in urban areas. Luckily, that's also where the
> great majority of existing weather are located, which is why I'm
> resistant to throwing out measured weather data and replacing them with
> synthetic data, no matter how much they've been "seeded" with real data.
> As for the weighting of climate parameters in selecting the typical
> months, why not use building energy simulations and weight them by the
> distribution of heating and cooling loads?
>
> Joe
>
> Joe Huang
>
> White Box Technologies, Inc.
>
> 346 Rheem Blvd., Suite 205A
>
> Moraga CA 94556
>
> yjhuang at whiteboxtechnologies.com <mailto:yjhuang at whiteboxtechnologies.com>
>
> http://weather.whiteboxtechnologies.com for simulation-ready weather data
>
> (o) (925)388-0265
>
> (c) (510)928-2683
>
> "building energy simulations at your fingertips"
>
> On 1/2/2018 9:30 AM, Nicholas Caton wrote:
>
> Hi Joe,
>
> From your perspective, are NREL or any other government/professional
> bodies making moves/indications to update/refresh the current TMY3
> sets to utilize satellite-derived solar radiation? Seems like a
> no-brainer for our industry, but is there a counter-argument? It
> seems likely, but has there been rigorous comparisons of
> satellite-derived solar radiation against measured values and/or our
> “present-day” solar models used to derive solar radiation
> information for building energy simulation?
>
> Also, I’m trying to understand and correctly characterize the impact
> of this development in simple terms my brain can follow. Is it fair
> to say:
>
> The solar models used in developing weather files for building
> energy simulations to-date in our industry (including all/most
> industry-standard TMY weather sets), because they have been using
> solar radiation derived from (evolving) solar models, have _not_
> accounted for the likes of local climate cloud cover / smog / dust?
> Seattle (~47°N) has perhaps been seeing as much sunlight through the
> winter as Paris (~48°N)?
>
> Does satellite-derived solar radiation address some or all of these
> local climate issues (cloud cover, smog, dust) affecting
> direct/indirect solar radiation?
>
> Thanks sincerely for all your teaching Joe,
>
> ~Nick
>
> *Nick Caton, P.E., BEMP*
>
> Senior Energy Engineer
> Regional Energy Engineering Manager
>
> Energy and Sustainability Services
> Schneider Electric
>
>
>
> D 913.564.6361
> M 785.410.3317
> F 913.564.6380
> E nicholas.caton at schneider-electric.com
> <mailto:nicholas.caton at schneider-electric.com>
>
>
>
> 15200 Santa Fe Trail Drive
> Suite 204
> Lenexa, KS 66219
> United States
>
> *From:* Equest-users
> [mailto:equest-users-bounces at lists.onebuilding.org] *On Behalf Of
> *Joe Huang via Equest-users
> *Sent:* Thursday, December 14, 2017 8:13 PM
> *To:* BLDG-SIM <bldg-sim at lists.onebuilding.org>
> <mailto:bldg-sim at lists.onebuilding.org>; EnergyPlus_Support
> <EnergyPlus_Support at yahoogroups.com>
> <mailto:EnergyPlus_Support at yahoogroups.com>;
> equest-users at lists.onebuilding.org
> <mailto:equest-users at lists.onebuilding.org>
> *Subject:* [Equest-users] White Box Technologies brings simulation
> weather data to the satellite age
>
> It is with joy and some trepidation to report that White Box
> Technologies (WBT) is updating all its historical weather files with
> satellite-derived solar radiation. Joy because this overcomes what
> has been the most significant question mark with weather files;
> trepidation because of the amount of work needed to carry out and
> maintain this effort. To show that this is more than marketing hype,
> I need to give a rather long explanation about this development.
>
> The bane of weather data over the past three decades has been the
> solar radiation (global horizontal and direct normal) which are not
> measured parameters, but derived using various solar and sky models.
> All the familiar "typical year" sets, i.e., TMY, WYEC, IWEC, etc.,
> let alone the historical weather files, have modeled solar
> radiation. Although a lot of
> work has gone into such models (see M. Iqbal,"An Introduction to
> Solar Radiation", Academic Press, 1983), there remain an almost
> intractible problem of the lack of good measured solar to tune any
> of these models. For example, in the ASHRAE IWEC2 weather files, my
> team was able to find one or two years' measured data for less than
> 50 locations,
> from which were derived 28 sets of regression coefficients then used
> for all 3,012 IWEC2 locations.
>
> For the past decade and a half, researchers around the world have
> been working to derive solar radiation from weather satellite
> imagery, driven largely by the needs of the solar power industry for
> the siting of solar power plants and getting "bankable" solar
> estimates for their arrays. Our little building energy simulation
> sector can of course benefit by hanging on the coattails of the
> solar power industry, but the downside has been to be totally priced
> out, since the commercial cost for one year's solar data for one
> location (grid cell) typically runs around $1,000.
>
> A welcome development over the last five years is that various
> government offices or affiliated consortia are now beginning to also
> providing access to satellite-derived solar radiation at minimal or
> more acceptable costs under various conditions. Over the past three
> years, WBT has obtained access to such data and permission for its
> use in WBT weather files.
> WBT is now either replacing the solar radiation on its historical
> weather files, or using satellite-derived radiation to develop
> custom solar coefficients for each location to extend the
> satellite-derived solar to time periods outside the available time
> window. With the exception of polar locations above or below 60/66
> degrees, island nations in the Pacific and Indian Ocean, and a few
> unfortunate "blind spots", the entire land mass is being covered
> with at least 10 years up to 18 years of hourly solar records.
>
> Starting in 2018, WBT historical weather files in the following
> areas will all have satellite-derived solar radiation for the
> following time periods: Europe, Africa, South America east of 66
> West, i.e., Brazil and Uruguay (2004 to date), Australia (1999 to
> date), and East Asia (2007 to date, access pending). WBT historical
> weather files in the following areas will have satellite-derived
> solar radiation for the indicated time periods - North America and
> Central/South American down to 20 South (1998-2015), South Asia
> (2000-2014), with modeled solar radiation from 2016 on that has been
> individually tuned to the past satellite-derived solar.
>
> Another benefit to the satellite-derived solar is to increases the
> number of available weather stations, which in many places has been
> limited by the lack of cloud cover data needed to model the solar
> radiation. For reasons that are not immediately identifiable,
> several English-speaking Commonwealth countries has seen a marked
> drop in the number of available stations due to the decreases in the
> reporting of cloud cover (see plot, ZAF = South Africa). For
> example, the number of stations in the UK has dropped by almost 2/3s
> between 2001 and 2017 (174 to 64), but with satellite-derived solar,
> it will go back up to over 180, while in Australia and South Africa
> the comparable numbers are from 175 to well over 500, and from 37 to
> over 100, respectively.
>
> If interested, customers who have purchased a historical weather
> files from WBT over the past five years can get an updated weather
> file at no cost. Lastly, although it will take at least a month to
> update all 10,000 2017 files, it's very quick to do for any specific
> location or even 50 or so locations. Therefore, if you have an
> urgent request please e-mail me and I will put that at the beginning
> of the queue for that day.
>
> --
>
> Joe Huang
>
> White Box Technologies, Inc.
>
> 346 Rheem Blvd., Suite 205A
>
> Moraga CA 94556
>
> yjhuang at whiteboxtechnologies.com
> <mailto:yjhuang at whiteboxtechnologies.com>
>
> http://weather.whiteboxtechnologies.com for simulation-ready weather data
>
> (o) (925)388-0265
>
> (c) (510)928-2683
>
> "building energy simulations at your fingertips"
>
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