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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Hey Chris, <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>How are you doing?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>There’s an EE4 modeling guide (a software
in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Canada</st1:place></st1:country-region>
that is similar to Energy Pro) that explains how to do this. I’ll give you an
excerpt that may help.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><b><i><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic'>4.2.2
Multiple Boilers<o:p></o:p></span></font></i></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>Multiple central boilers are often
installed to provide better part load performance or back-up capacity in case
of equipment failure or maintenance. Boilers that are strictly for back up,
that is kept off and must be manually switched to the operating boiler, should
be ignored. In all other cases (lead/lag boilers, load/peaking boilers) enter
all boilers. In EE4, it is assumed that the multiple boilers have the same
capacity and performance characteristics. (It is not possible to<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>define boilers of different sizes
or efficiencies within the same heating loop). Only separate heating plants,
which serve distinct parts of the building, can accommodate different boilers. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><b><i><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic'>4.2.3
Multiple Boilers of Different Efficiencies<o:p></o:p></span></font></i></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>At present, EE4 cannot model
multiple boilers of different operating efficiencies. If the boilers are<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>operated to provide uniform run
hours, determine the capacity-weighted average efficiency.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><b><font size=2
face=Arial-BoldMT><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial-BoldMT;
font-weight:bold'>Example: </span></font></b><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>2 boilers:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'></span></font><font size=2
face=Wingdings2><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Wingdings2'> </span></font><font
size=2 face=ArialMT><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>boiler
1: output capacity = 450 kW, efficiency = 88%<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'></span></font><font size=2
face=Wingdings2><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Wingdings2'> </span></font><font
size=2 face=ArialMT><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>boiler
2: output capacity = 150 kW, efficiency = 72%<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><b><font size=2
face=Arial-BoldMT><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial-BoldMT;
font-weight:bold'>Solution:<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>Boilers 1 and 2 would be combined
as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'></span></font><font size=2
face=Wingdings2><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Wingdings2'> </span></font><font
size=2 face=ArialMT><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>capacity
= (450 + 150) / 2 boilers = 300 kW each<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'></span></font><font size=2
face=Wingdings2><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Wingdings2'> </span></font><font
size=2 face=ArialMT><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>efficiency
= (450 * 0.88 + 150 * 0.72) / (450 + 150) = 0.84 (84%)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>Entered plant boiler multiplier =
2, each boiler: output = 300, efficiency = 0.84, sequencing = 270<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>kW<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><b><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT;font-weight:bold'>This lead/lag and
peaking boiler may be confusing and the exact method may not be applicable to
Energy Pro, but it may give you ideas. Let me know if you have further
questions.<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>For lead/lag and peaking boiler
cases, the following procedure is to be followed:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>Note: This procedure involves 2
EE4 simulations. The first is used to determine the average boiler efficiency.
The second is used for determining compliance for NRCan’s validation (<b><span
style='font-weight:bold'>NRCan validation is **similar** to Title-24
compliance)</span></b>. **similar in the sense that you need to comply to its
requirements.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>1. Complete Steps 1a) to b) to
create a table such as that shown below (I can send you the EE4 modeling guide
if desired).<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>Step 1a) List the boilers in order
of their firing sequence, with the thermal efficiency and output capacity of
each. The example below uses three boilers: B-1 is a 500 MBH condensing boiler
with rated thermal efficiency = 95%; B-2 and B-3 are 800 MBH non-condensing
boilers with rated thermal efficiencies = 80%. (B-1 is the lead boiler. B-2
will fire second, and B-3 third.) <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>Step 1b) Determine the cumulative
plant capacity at each stage of the firing sequence. In the example below, only
B-1 fires during Sequence 1, so the cumulative plant capacity is 500 MBH.
During Sequence 2, both B-1 and B-2 fire, so the capacity is 1,300 MBH. During
Sequence 3, all three boilers fire, so the capacity is 2,100 MBH.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>Step 1c) Determine the percent of
the total plant capacity that can be met by each stage of<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>the sequence. In the example
below, the total plant capacity is 2,100 MBH. So<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>Sequence 1 can provide 500/2100 =
24%, Sequence 2 can provide 62%, and<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>Sequence 3 can provide 2100/2100 =
100%.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>Step 1d) Determine the Plant
Thermal Efficiency of each stage of the sequence. This is done by calculating
the capacity-weighted average thermal efficiency of all the boilers that fire
during a sequence. In the example below, in Sequence 1, only B-1 fires, so the Plant
Thermal Efficiency for that stage is 95.0%. In Sequence 2, both B-1 and B-2 fire,
so the Plant Thermal Efficiency is: (95x500 + 80x800) / (500 + 800) = 85.8%.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>2. In EE4, set the boiler thermal
efficiency to 80%, and make sure the total boiler plant output capacity is
equal to the total plant capacity calculated above. (For the example above,
this would be 2,100 MBH.)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>3. Set the EE4 options so that the
Plant PV-A and PS-C reports are created and the DOE-2 output files are not
deleted when the simulation is run.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>4. Run the simulation for the
proposed building.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>5. Open the DOE-2 “.sim” file for
the proposed building and locate the PV-A report. Check that the total installed
boiler capacity matches the Total Plant Capacity from the table above. If it is
not, then return to Step 2 and correct the boiler capacity entered into EE4.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>6. Complete Steps 6a) to 6e) to
create a table such as that shown below.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>6a) In the DOE-2 “.sim” file,
locate the PS-C report. Use the LOWER line of data for theboiler to create a
table of part-load hours as shown below.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>6b) For each part load range,
enter the Plant Efficiency in the table below based on thecalculations in the
above table. (Use the column “Percent of Total Plant Capacity” inthe above
table to determine which efficiency corresponds to each part-load range.If the “Percent
of Total Plant Capacity” falls within a <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName
w:st="on">Part</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Load</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType
w:st="on">Range</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>, switch to the next higher
Sequence.) Step 1a) Step 1b) Step 1c) Step 1d) <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>6c) In the following table,
multiply the “Hours” column by the “Efficiency” column.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>6d) Sum the Hours column and the “Hours
x Efficiency” column.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>6e) Divide the sum of “Hours x
Efficiency” by the sum of “Hours” to determinethe average plant thermal
efficiency. (For the above example, it is 93.3%.)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>7. In EE4, enter the boiler
efficiency determined in step 6e).<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:ArialMT'>8. Run the simulation for the
proposed and reference buildings to determine compliance forNRCan’s validation.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:ArialMT'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=ArialMT><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:ArialMT'>I hope this is helpful. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-CA
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Danielle Krauel, </span></font></b><span
lang=EN-CA>B.A.Sc, LEED</span>® AP<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><i><font size=1 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-CA
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-style:italic'><br>
</span></font></i><font size=2><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:10.0pt'>T.
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F. 613.237.2935<br>
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italic'>2008 Globe and Mail</span></font></i><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center tabindex=-1>
</span></font></div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
bldg-sim-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org [mailto:bldg-sim-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org]
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Christopher Zabaneh<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> October 27, 2009 5:19 PM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> bldg-sim@lists.onebuilding.org<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [Bldg-sim] Modeling
multiple different DHW boilers with only oneinput</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>I’m working on a two-building university dorm with eight and
six floors respectively. (using EnergyPro 5)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>There are four DHW boilers – two of 399 MBTU capacity and
two of 900 MBTU capacity.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>I am only allowed to enter one DHW boiler type and can then
add a multiplier.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>What would be the appropriate way to model this most
accurately?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>I was thinking of taking a weighed average value and
inputting that with a boiler multiplier of four.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>This would require more than a little explanation for LEED
and Plan Check<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Thoughts?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Thanks kindly,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=1 color=gray face=Arial><span
style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:gray;font-weight:bold'>Christopher
F. Zabaneh<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=1 color=gray face=Arial><span style='font-size:
8.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:gray'>Engineer, LEED® AP<br>
IBE Consulting Engineers<br>
<st1:Street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">14130 Riverside Drive, Suite 201</st1:address></st1:Street><br>
<st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Sherman</st1:place></st1:City> Oaks,
CA 91423‑2313<br>
p(818) 377‑8220 X 295<br>
f(818) 377‑8230<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'><a href="http://www.ibece.com/"><font
color=gray><span style='color:gray'>IDEAS FOR THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT</span></font></a></span></b><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=1 color=gray face=Arial><span style='font-size:
8.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:gray'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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