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<div class=Section1>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Consolas><span
style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#1F497D'>Sam Mason<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Consolas><span
style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#1F497D'>Atelier Ten<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>6 derives from 1 -5.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>7 is from the person who submitted the change
proposal.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Paul Grahovac, LEED AP<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center tabindex=-1>
</span></font></div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'> Sam Mason
[mailto:sam.mason@atelierten.com] <br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Tuesday, August 25, 2009
12:35 PM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> Paul Grahovac;
bldg-sim@lists.onebuilding.org<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> RE: [Bldg-sim] Air
leakage, LEED, and Appendix G of ASHRAE 90.1</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'>Paul,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'>Where did you get
your information regarding number 6 and 7?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'>Sam<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Consolas><span
style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#1F497D'>--<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Consolas><span
style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#1F497D'>Sam Mason<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Consolas><span
style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#1F497D'>Atelier Ten<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
bldg-sim-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org
[mailto:bldg-sim-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org] <b><span style='font-weight:
bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Paul Grahovac<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Tuesday, August 25, 2009
11:14 AM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> David S Eldridge;
bldg-sim@lists.onebuilding.org<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [Bldg-sim] Air leakage,
LEED, and Appendix G of ASHRAE 90.1<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=msolistparagraph style='margin-left:31.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>1.<font
size=1 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Recent posts to this listserv show
that air leakage reduction is successfully modeled in the UK.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=msolistparagraph><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=msolistparagraph style='margin-left:31.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.<font
size=1 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>“The LEED point system drives
designers to reduce the HVAC system down to the optimal level.” US
Green Building Council LEED training, May 27, 2004, Dallas, Texas.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=msolistparagraph style='margin-left:31.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>3.<font size=1 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Melding the
data from across the US, air barriers would reduce building natural gas
consumption by greater than 40% and electrical consumption by greater than
25%. National Institute of Standards and Technology, “<i><font
color=black><span style='color:black;font-style:italic'>Investigation of the
Impact of Commercial Building Envelope Airtightness on HVAC Energy Use, </span></font></i><font
color=black><span style='color:black'>NISTIR 7238.<o:p></o:p></span></font></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=msolistparagraph style='margin-left:31.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>4.<font
size=1 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Air
barriers, if modeled under LEED, would reduce HVAC construction costs.</span></font><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><i><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-style:italic'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></i></p>
<p class=msolistparagraph style='margin-left:31.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>5.<font size=1 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>“There
are barriers to implementation of radiant systems in North America. One is that
<u>engineering fees are based on a percentage of the mechanical and electrical
construction budget. The lower the cost of these systems, the lower the
engineer’s fee</u>.” <em><i><font color=black face=Arial><span
style='font-family:Arial;color:black'>Geoff McDonell, P.E., senior mechanical
engineer in the Burnaby, British Columbia, office of Earth Tech’s Global
Facilities and Infrastructure division.</span></font></i></em><font
color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:31.5pt'><font size=2 color="#1f497d"
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:#1F497D'><a
href="http://www.facilitiesnet.com/hvac/article/Windows-Pave-Way-For-HVAC-Innovation--1476">http://www.facilitiesnet.com/hvac/article/Windows-Pave-Way-For-HVAC-Innovation--1476</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><i><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-style:italic'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></i></p>
<p class=msolistparagraph style='margin-left:31.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>6.<font
size=1 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>ASHRAE engineers have a financial
incentive not to allow air leakage reduction to enter into LEED point
calculations.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=msolistparagraph style='margin-left:31.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>7.<font
size=1 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>A change proposal to allow modeling
of air leakage reduction has been pending with the ASHRAE 90.1 simulation group
for five months without any action – and without any hope of action in
the future.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.25in'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Paul
Grahovac, LEED AP <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
bldg-sim-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org
[mailto:bldg-sim-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org] <b><span style='font-weight:
bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>David S Eldridge<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Monday, August 24, 2009 1:49
PM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> bldg-sim@lists.onebuilding.org<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [Bldg-sim] Air
leakage, LEED, and Appendix G of ASHRAE 90.1 (Return of a Hornet's Nest?)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>First, I feel that the statement that EAC1
methodology “penalizes air barrier suppliers” and “rewards
concrete block producers” is completely off-base. These are not
either/or technologies. There are many other factors going into the
selection of these items besides energy performance. If there is real
energy and maintenance savings justification as an investment, then owners will
consider it even without contributing to EAC1. LEED covers many things,
but it isn’t an exhaustive manual of sustainability. As well, the
LEED process, although growing, still covers only a small fraction of new
building projects, regarding Appendix G applicability. This is an energy
modeling forum, so let’s focus on the Appendix G part of the discussion.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Specifically for 90.1 energy performance,
it isn’t a matter of arbitrarily accepting one or the other – we as
an energy modeling community have many years of experience and research
involved in accurately modeling the heat transfer in envelope components.
The capability of various modeling techniques have been demonstrated to be
capable of relatively accurate modeling of the differences between thermal mass
and insulation levels for many years, therefore these calculations are included
in the standard as a path of calculating energy usage and savings between
alternatives.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>The modeling software are generally able
to predict what would happen <u>due to a given change in level of infiltration</u>.
The modeling improvements need to be made in the area of showing that the
calculations are accurate in determining those levels, rather than using a
specified reduction. Does the software available have the needed
parameters to model a product such as yours? On a case-by-case basis you
may be able to show that you know all of the needed parameters to make these
calculations. I’m not sure if you could apply these to all
projects, and all software packages though. For instance, do you feel
that your product has different effectiveness than other brands? How
would someone capture these differences in efficiency in eQuest or
EnergyPlus? Would it be okay with the USGBC to propose a straight percentage
reduction? What’s the starting point for the base case? How
much variability is there in the construction process?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Your input would be welcomed if you offer
some expertise in these areas.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>You mention a study that shows benefits in
many cases for 116 buildings (and common sense would agree with this).
Some focus should be on educating designers to use the strategy and contractors
on proper installation, regardless of the “points” that are
achieved, and under what conditions the strategy would be most effective.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Just my $0.02. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>David<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:
11.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black'>____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=gray face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:gray'>David Eldridge, PE<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=gray face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:gray'>LEED® AP, HBDP<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:
11.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black'><br>
</span></font><b><font size=2 color="#365f91" face=Tahoma><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:#365F91;font-weight:bold'>Grumman/Butkus
Associates</span></font></b><font size=2 color=gray face=Tahoma><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:gray'> | </span></font><font
size=2 color="#8db3e2" face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
Tahoma;color:#8DB3E2'>820 Davis Street, STE 300 | Evanston, IL 60201 | Ph:
(847) 328-3555, ext 224 | Fax: (847) 328-4550</span></font><font size=2
color=gray face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;
color:gray'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=gray face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:gray'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=gray face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:gray'>Energy Consultants and Design Engineers</span></font><font
size=2 color=black face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;
color:black'><br>
</span></font><font size=2 color=black face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;color:black'>____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div style='border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'>
<div>
<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'> bldg-sim-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org
[mailto:bldg-sim-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org] <b><span style='font-weight:
bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Paul Grahovac<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Monday, August 24, 2009 8:55
AM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b>
sheffer@energyopportunities.com; bldg-sim@lists.onebuilding.org<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [Bldg-sim] Air leakage,
LEED, and Appendix G of ASHRAE 90.1<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'>I am sure there is
just as much baseline for air leakage reduction benefit as there is for the
concrete walls and wooden studs that the User’s Manual says can be
modeled and their energy savings captured for inclusion in the overall modeling
results.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'>I cannot accept that
the USGBC and ASHRAE can arbitrarily say reduction in air leakage will not be
considered, but that increases in thermal mass energy-savings from using
concrete walls or energy benefits from using wooden studs will be used to
compute building energy performance. This obviously rewards concrete
block producers and wood stud suppliers and penalizes air barrier suppliers.
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'>I’m reminded
of Lord Acton’s famous observation: “Power corrupts, and
absolute power corrupts absolutely.” Fortunately, even the power of
organizations like ASHRAE and USGBC are subject to some ultimate check.
Such organizations are prohibited by law from arbitrary practices that favor
one group over another. Below are excerpts from the leading United States
Supreme Court case on the subject. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'>Paul Grahovac, LEED
AP<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Inc. v. Hydrolevel
Corporation, <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>456 U.S. 556, 102 S.Ct. 1935, 72 L.Ed.2d. 330<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>(1982), Supreme Court Justice Blackmun, writing for the majority:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>“Furthermore, a standard setting organization like ASME can be
rife with<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>opportunities for anti competitive activity. Many of ASME's officials
are<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>associated with members of the industries regulated by ASME's codes.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>Although, undoubtedly, most serve ASME without concern for the
interests of<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>their corporate employers, some may well view their positions with
ASME, at<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>least in part, as an opportunity to benefit their employers. When the
great<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>influence of ASME's reputation is placed at their disposal, the less
altruistic of<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>ASME's agents have an opportunity to harm their employers' competitors<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>through manipulation of ASME's codes.”<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>ID.., </span></font><font size=3><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>at 571, 102 S.Ct., at 1946.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the U.S. Supreme Court
affirmed a jury<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>verdict that awarded treble damages to the company that was injured by
certain members of the<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>trade organization that had manipulated the trade organization and its
role in the industry </span></font><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>to </span></font><font size=3><span
style='font-size:11.5pt'>set<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>standards designed to enrich those members' corporation and diminish
the ability of its<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>competitors to fairly compete in the marketplace. In deciding to hold
the trade organization<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>responsible for the actions of its members, the Court explained:</span></font><font
size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:
Calibri;color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:11.5pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:11.5pt;
font-family:Arial'>“It </span></font><font size=3><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>is true that imposing liability on ASME's agents themselves will have
some<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>deterrent effect, because they will know that if they violate antitrust
laws through<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>their participation in ASME, they risk the consequences of personal
civil liability.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>But if, in addition, ASME is civilly liable for the antitrust
violations of its agents<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>acting with apparent authority, it is much more likely that similar
antitrust<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>violation will not occur in the future. "Pressure will be brought
on the<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>organization to see to it that its agents abide by the law."
United States v. A&P<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>Trucking Co., 358 U.S. 121, 126, 79 S.Ct. 203, 207, 3 L.Ed.2d 165
(1958). Only<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>ASME can take systematic steps to make improper conduct on the part of
all its<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>agents unlikely, and the possibility of civil liability will inevitably
be a powerful<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>incentive for ASME to take those steps. Thus, a rule that imposes
liability on the<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>standard setting organization- which is best situated to prevent
antitrust violations<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>through the abuse of its reputation-is most faithful to the
congressional intent that<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
11.5pt'>the private right of action deters antitrust violations.”<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.5pt'>14:., </span></font><font size=3><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>at
572-573, 102 S.Ct., at 1946.</span></font><font size=2 color="#1f497d"
face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center>
</span></font></div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'> Marcus Sheffer
[mailto:sheffer@energyopportunities.com] <br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Monday, August 24, 2009 8:22
AM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> Paul Grahovac;
bldg-sim@lists.onebuilding.org<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> RE: [Bldg-sim] Air
leakage, LEED, and Appendix G of ASHRAE 90.1</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'>As I understand it
the issue is that the 90.1 Standard does not establish a base line condition
for air leakage so no savings can be claimed. I certainly agree that the
savings are real and should be counted. I know that the Appendix G
committee has this issue on their extensive “to do” list.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'>Marcus Sheffer,
Chair – USGBC EA TAG<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'>7group<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
bldg-sim-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org
[mailto:bldg-sim-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org] <b><span style='font-weight:
bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Paul Grahovac<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Wednesday, August 19, 2009
7:00 PM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> bldg-sim@lists.onebuilding.org<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [Bldg-sim] Air leakage,
LEED, and Appendix G of ASHRAE 90.1<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>The National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST) did an extensive study documenting a greater than 40% natural
gas savings and a greater than 25% electricity savings across the nation for
building energy consumption if buildings were uniformly constructed with air
barrier systems installed. They evaluated 116 existing buildings and
computer modeled several different building types. The purpose of their
study was to provide information to ASHRAE concerning whether it would be
desirable to add an air barrier requirement to ASHRAE 90.1.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>As a result, I’ve always thought
that Appendix G to ASHRAE 90.1 allows you to change the air leakage rate off
the default and onto a rate corresponding to an air barrier installation, so
that you could claim LEED points for the corresponding energy savings.
However, an architect at a presentation I did said you could not do that under
the LEED and ASHRAE requirements. (I know the models will do it, because
I’ve done it on the TRANE model and obtained results that support the
NIST findings.)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>I see in Appendix G that:
“G3.1.2.5. <b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Ventilation</span></b>.
Minimum <i><span style='font-style:italic'>outdoor air</span></i>
ventilation rates shall be the same for the <i><span style='font-style:italic'>proposed</span></i>
and <i><span style='font-style:italic'>baseline building designs</span></i>.”
However, I searched the document for “outdoor air ventilation” and
the phrase occurs only in the context of mechanical systems that are designed
to intentionally bring air into the building. If this section is the
basis for concluding that air leakage barriers should be left out of the
modeling, then I have trouble understanding why.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Appendix
G says that all components of the building are to be modeled as designed.
That would preclude modeling as if an air barrier system did not exist in the
design. It says the baseline building model is to have steel-framed
above-grade walls, and it is silent about the design building, but the
User’s Manual says that if the design building walls are block or cast
concrete, then “the mass is credited in the building performance rating
method.” Likewise, if the walls are wood stud instead of steel,
then the Manual says credit is given for the superior energy performance of
wood frame versus steel frame. The User’s Manual states that
it: “</span></font><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Offers information on the intent and application of
Standard 90.1.”</span></font> <font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Given these examples in
the Manual based on existing thermal mass energy-saving data and
wood-versus-steel stud energy data, it is difficult to conclude that a wall
that is constructed with materials meeting the air leakage limits and
installation requirements of the Air Barrier Association of America and
determined to produce significant energy savings by the NIST study based on those
same limits and requirements should be modeled as if it leaked air like a
building without an air barrier. </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Please let me know what you think, and if
you know of any reason why it is not proper to change the air leakage rate
through the building envelope in the design model to show the benefit of air
barriers.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Paul
Grahovac, LEED AP<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>R-GUARD
Air & Water-Resistive Barrier Product Manager<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>PROSOCO,
Inc.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>3741
Greenway Circle<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Lawrence,
Kansas 66046<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>(785)
830-7355<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>(888)
376-3417 fax<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><a
href="mailto:pgrahovac@prosoco.com">pgrahovac@prosoco.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>web
site <a href="http://www.prosoco.com/">http://www.prosoco.com/</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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