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<div class=Section1>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Paul,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Perhaps you should volunteer your time on the ASHRAE 90.1
committee.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>Brenda V. Morawa, PE, QCxP, HPBDP, LEED AP<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>President/Principal<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>Co-Vice Chair, USGBC Implementation Committee<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'><img width=120 height=69 id="Picture_x0020_1"
src="cid:image001.jpg@01CA24A1.C8234650" alt=BVMELogo3jpg><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>BVM Engineering, Inc.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>834 Inman Village Parkway<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>Suite 230<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>Atlanta, Georgia 30307<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>404.806.2018 x 101<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>(c)404.210.6593<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>
bldg-sim-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org
[mailto:bldg-sim-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Paul
Grahovac<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, August 24, 2009 9:55 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> sheffer@energyopportunities.com; bldg-sim@lists.onebuilding.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Bldg-sim] Air leakage, LEED, and Appendix G of ASHRAE 90.1<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>I am sure there is just as much baseline for air leakage
reduction benefit as there is for the concrete walls and wooden studs that the
User’s Manual says can be modeled and their energy savings captured for
inclusion in the overall modeling results.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>I cannot accept that the USGBC and ASHRAE can arbitrarily say
reduction in air leakage will not be considered, but that increases in thermal
mass energy-savings from using concrete walls or energy benefits from using
wooden studs will be used to compute building energy performance. This
obviously rewards concrete block producers and wood stud suppliers and
penalizes air barrier suppliers. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>I’m reminded of Lord Acton’s famous observation: “Power
corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.” Fortunately, even the
power of organizations like ASHRAE and USGBC are subject to some ultimate
check. Such organizations are prohibited by law from arbitrary practices
that favor one group over another. Below are excerpts from the leading
United States Supreme Court case on the subject. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Paul Grahovac, LEED AP<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>American Society of
Mechanical Engineers. Inc. v. Hydrolevel Corporation, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>456 U.S. 556, 102 S.Ct. 1935,
72 L.Ed.2d. 330<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>(1982), Supreme Court Justice
Blackmun, writing for the majority:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>“Furthermore, a standard
setting organization like ASME can be rife with<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>opportunities for anti
competitive activity. Many of ASME's officials are<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>associated with members of
the industries regulated by ASME's codes.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>Although, undoubtedly, most
serve ASME without concern for the interests of<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>their corporate employers,
some may well view their positions with ASME, at<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>least in part, as an
opportunity to benefit their employers. When the great<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>influence of ASME's
reputation is placed at their disposal, the less altruistic of<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>ASME's agents have an
opportunity to harm their employers' competitors<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>through manipulation of
ASME's codes.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>ID.., </span><span
style='font-size:11.5pt'>at 571, 102 S.Ct., at 1946.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>In American Society of
Mechanical Engineers, the U.S. Supreme Court affirmed a jury<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>verdict that awarded treble
damages to the company that was injured by certain members of the<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>trade organization that had
manipulated the trade organization and its role in the industry </span><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>to </span><span
style='font-size:11.5pt'>set<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>standards designed to enrich
those members' corporation and diminish the ability of its<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>competitors to fairly compete
in the marketplace. In deciding to hold the trade organization<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>responsible for the actions
of its members, the Court explained:</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>“It
</span><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>is true that imposing liability on ASME's
agents themselves will have some<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>deterrent effect, because
they will know that if they violate antitrust laws through<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>their participation in ASME,
they risk the consequences of personal civil liability.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>But if, in addition, ASME is
civilly liable for the antitrust violations of its agents<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>acting with apparent
authority, it is much more likely that similar antitrust<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>violation will not occur in
the future. "Pressure will be brought on the<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>organization to see to it
that its agents abide by the law." United States v. A&P<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>Trucking Co., 358 U.S. 121,
126, 79 S.Ct. 203, 207, 3 L.Ed.2d 165 (1958). Only<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>ASME can take systematic
steps to make improper conduct on the part of all its<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>agents unlikely, and the
possibility of civil liability will inevitably be a powerful<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>incentive for ASME to take
those steps. Thus, a rule that imposes liability on the<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>standard setting
organization- which is best situated to prevent antitrust violations<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>through the abuse of its
reputation-is most faithful to the congressional intent that<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.5pt'>the private right of action
deters antitrust violations.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.5pt'>14:., </span><span
style='font-size:11.5pt'>at 572-573, 102 S.Ct., at 1946.</span><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> Marcus Sheffer
[mailto:sheffer@energyopportunities.com] <br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, August 24, 2009 8:22 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Paul Grahovac; bldg-sim@lists.onebuilding.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> RE: [Bldg-sim] Air leakage, LEED, and Appendix G of ASHRAE 90.1</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>As I understand it the issue is that the 90.1 Standard does not
establish a base line condition for air leakage so no savings can be
claimed. I certainly agree that the savings are real and should be
counted. I know that the Appendix G committee has this issue on their
extensive “to do” list.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Marcus Sheffer, Chair – USGBC EA TAG<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>7group<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>
bldg-sim-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org
[mailto:bldg-sim-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Paul
Grahovac<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, August 19, 2009 7:00 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> bldg-sim@lists.onebuilding.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Bldg-sim] Air leakage, LEED, and Appendix G of ASHRAE 90.1<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) did an
extensive study documenting a greater than 40% natural gas savings and a
greater than 25% electricity savings across the nation for building energy
consumption if buildings were uniformly constructed with air barrier systems
installed. They evaluated 116 existing buildings and computer modeled
several different building types. The purpose of their study was to
provide information to ASHRAE concerning whether it would be desirable to add
an air barrier requirement to ASHRAE 90.1.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>As a result, I’ve always thought that Appendix G to ASHRAE 90.1
allows you to change the air leakage rate off the default and onto a rate
corresponding to an air barrier installation, so that you could claim LEED
points for the corresponding energy savings. However, an architect at a
presentation I did said you could not do that under the LEED and ASHRAE requirements.
(I know the models will do it, because I’ve done it on the TRANE model and
obtained results that support the NIST findings.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>I see in Appendix G that: “G3.1.2.5. <b>Ventilation</b>.
Minimum <i>outdoor air</i> ventilation rates shall be the same for the <i>proposed</i>
and <i>baseline building designs</i>.” However, I searched the document
for “outdoor air ventilation” and the phrase occurs only in the context of
mechanical systems that are designed to intentionally bring air into the
building. If this section is the basis for concluding that air leakage
barriers should be left out of the modeling, then I have trouble understanding
why.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Appendix G says that all
components of the building are to be modeled as designed. That would
preclude modeling as if an air barrier system did not exist in the
design. It says the baseline building model is to have steel-framed
above-grade walls, and it is silent about the design building, but the User’s
Manual says that if the design building walls are block or cast concrete, then “the
mass is credited in the building performance rating method.” Likewise, if
the walls are wood stud instead of steel, then the Manual says credit is given
for the superior energy performance of wood frame versus steel frame. The
User’s Manual states that it: “</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Offers information on the intent and
application of Standard 90.1.”</span> <span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Given these examples in the
Manual based on existing thermal mass energy-saving data and wood-versus-steel
stud energy data, it is difficult to conclude that a wall that is constructed
with materials meeting the air leakage limits and installation requirements of
the Air Barrier Association of America and determined to produce significant
energy savings by the NIST study based on those same limits and requirements
should be modeled as if it leaked air like a building without an air barrier. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>Please let me know what you think, and if you know of any reason
why it is not proper to change the air leakage rate through the building
envelope in the design model to show the benefit of air barriers.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Paul Grahovac, LEED AP<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>R-GUARD Air & Water-Resistive
Barrier Product Manager<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>PROSOCO, Inc.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>3741 Greenway Circle<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Lawrence, Kansas 66046<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>(785) 830-7355<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>(888) 376-3417 fax<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><a
href="mailto:pgrahovac@prosoco.com">pgrahovac@prosoco.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>web site <a
href="http://www.prosoco.com/">http://www.prosoco.com/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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