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<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=TT12B7o00><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:TT12B7o00'>G3.1.2.1 </span></font><b><font
size=2><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Equipment Efficiencies. </span></font></b><font
size=2><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>All HVAC equipment<o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>in the <i><span
style='font-style:italic'>baseline building design </span></i>shall be modeled
at the minimum<o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><i><font size=2
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic'>efficiency
</span></font></i><font size=2><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>levels, both part
load and full load, in accordance<o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>with Section 6.4. Where <i><span
style='font-style:italic'>efficiency </span></i>ratings, such as EER<o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>and COP, include fan
energy, the descriptor shall be broken<o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>down into its components
so that supply fan energy can be<o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>modeled separately.<o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2 face=TT12B7o00><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:TT12B7o00'>G3.1.2.4 </span></font><b><font
size=2><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Fan System Operation. </span></font></b><font
size=2><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Supply and return fans<o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>shall operate
continuously whenever spaces are occupied and<o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>shall be cycled to meet
heating and cooling loads during unoccupied<o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>hours. If the supply fan
is modeled as cycling and fan<o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=2
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>energy is included in the
energy-efficiency rating of the equipment,<o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>fan energy shall not be modeled explicitly.</span></font><font size=2
color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font>
</p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>--</span></font><font color=navy><span
style='color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Fred <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=navy face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=navy face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:navy'> </span></font><o:p></o:p>
</p>
</div>
<div>
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face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center tabindex=-1>
</span></font></div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'> Brandon Nichols
[mailto:BrandonN@Hargis.biz] <br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Friday, October 12, 2007
6:14 PM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> Fred Porter; BLDG-SIM@gard.com<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> RE: [BLDG-SIM] Heat Pump
COP</span></font><o:p></o:p>
</p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=blue face="Courier New"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:blue'>Good point Fred,
for larger unitary packages and for dialing-in energy savings rebate
studies. I did say 'arguably', and yours is an insightful
observation. Scanned all 90.1-2004 but didn't see the reference you
alluded to -- if you can be more specific please advise.</span></font><o:p></o:p>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=blue face="Courier New"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:blue'>Given the small
heatpumps my firm is accustomed to installing, coupled with the fuzzy level of
design at which we're doing our preliminary energy studies, the simplification
of discounting fan operation when compressors aren't running I think is well
within the error bars of the overall study.</span></font><o:p></o:p>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=blue face="Courier New"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:blue'>Which doesn't
provide any comfort from the realization that this business gives one plenty of
cause to ask where picking the theoretical flyspecs out of manufacturer's
published pepper has crossed a threshold of mind-numbingly diminished returns!</span></font><o:p></o:p>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=blue face="Courier New"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:blue'>Regards </span></font><o:p></o:p>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Brandon Nichols, PE, LEED</span></font><sup><font
size=1 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:black'>®</span></font></sup><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'> AP</span></font><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Mechanical</span></font><font size=2
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><strong><b><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>HARGIS ENGINEERS</span></font></b></strong><font
size=2 color=gray face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:gray'><o:p></o:p></span></font>
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<p class=MsoNormal><st1:Street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on"><font size=2
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color:#515151'>Seattle</span></font></st1:City><font size=2 color="#515151"
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:#515151'>, <st1:State
w:st="on">WA</st1:State> <st1:PostalCode w:st="on">98101</st1:PostalCode></span></font></st1:place><font
size=2 color="#515151" face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
Arial;color:#515151'><o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#515151" face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:#515151'>www.hargis.biz<o:p></o:p></span></font>
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style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:#515151'> <o:p></o:p></span></font>
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<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 color=gray face=Arial><span
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color=gray><span style='color:gray'><o:p></o:p></span></font>
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<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 color=gray face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:gray;font-weight:bold'>o |</span></font></b><font
size=2 color=gray face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:gray'> 206.448.3376 <b><span style='font-weight:bold'>f |</span></b>
206.448.4450</span></font><font color=gray><span style='color:gray'><o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font>
</p>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center tabIndex=-1>
</span></font></div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font
size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
BLDG-SIM@gard.com [mailto:BLDG-SIM@gard.com] <b><span style='font-weight:bold'>On
Behalf Of </span></b>Fred Porter<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Friday, October 12, 2007
3:31 PM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> BLDG-SIM@gard.com<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [BLDG-SIM] Heat Pump COP</span></font><o:p></o:p>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>The method cited below only gives correct
results if the heat pump fan operates intermittently on a call for heat/cool,
and if the fan as installed runs at its ARI-tested power. Otherwise this method
greatly under-estimates fan energy, at least for constant speed fans. This is
mentioned specifically for App G/ECB models either in the Standard itself or in
the UM.</span></font> <font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font>
</p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>--</span></font> <font color=navy><span
style='color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Fred <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=navy face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:navy'> </span></font> <o:p></o:p>
</p>
</div>
<div>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center tabIndex=-1>
</span></font></div>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'> Brandon Nichols
[mailto:BrandonN@Hargis.biz] <br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Friday, October 12, 2007
3:47 PM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> Fred Porter; BLDG-SIM@gard.com<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> RE: [BLDG-SIM] Heat Pump
COP</span></font> <o:p></o:p>
</p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font>
</p>
<h5 style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>
<b><font size=2
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></b>
</h5>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>
<font size=3 color=blue face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>Good point, John -- but there may
be an arguably easier way to not double-count fan energy...following is a
reprint from the DOE2 documentation:</span></font> <o:p></o:p>
</p>
</div>
<h5 style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>
<b><font size=2
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></b>
</h5>
<h5 style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>
<b><font size=2
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>COOLING-EIR <o:p></o:p></span></font></b>
</h5>
<p class=MsoBodyText style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>
<font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>The Electric Input Ratio
(EIR), or 1/(Coefficient of Performance), for the cooling unit at ARI rated
conditions. The program defines EIR to be the ratio of the electric energy
input to the rated capacity, when both the energy input and rated
capacity are expressed in the same units. This EIR is at ARI rated conditions,
i.e., without correction for different temperature or part load. <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoBodyText style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Note: If you
include fan electric energy consumption in your value of COOLING-EIR, then you
should <font color=red><span style='color:red'>set</span></font> <font
color=red><span style='color:red'>SUPPLY-KW/FLOW to zero (and SUPPLY-STATIC,
SUPPLY-EFF and SUPPLY-DELTA-T should be omitted). Otherwise, the supply fan
electrical energy will be double counted.</span></font> For commercial systems
the default value of COOLING-EIR includes compressor and outdoor fan energy,
but not indoor fan energy. <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<div>
<h5>
<b><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>HEATING-EIR
<o:p></o:p></span></font></b>
</h5>
<p class=MsoBodyText>
<font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Electric Input Ratio, or 1/(heating Coefficient of
Performance), for the heat pump. This EIR is at ARI rated conditions, i.e.,
without corrections for temperature or part load. The <strong><b><font
color=red face="Times New Roman"><span style='color:red'>program-calculated</span></font></b></strong>
HEATING-EIR does not include fan power and heat. This keyword is appropriate
only to HP, RESYS, and PTAC systems. <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=blue face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>Mysteriously, the HEATING-EIR documentation
makes no mention of the fan energy double counting issue. But if you're
consistent and use 3.41 divided by the manufacturers published EER for the
cooling EIR, the inverse of the published COP for the heating EIR,
and zero-out the supply fan energy as described in the
documentaion ... then Bob's your uncle, right? </span></font><o:p></o:p>
</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=blue face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>FWIW, that's the way we do it...</span></font>
<o:p></o:p>
</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Brandon Nichols, PE, LEED</span></font><sup><font
size=1 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:black'>®</span></font></sup><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span
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color="#515151" face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font>
</p>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center tabIndex=-1>
</span></font></div>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font
size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
BLDG-SIM@gard.com [mailto:BLDG-SIM@gard.com] <b><span style='font-weight:bold'>On
Behalf Of </span></b>Fred Porter<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Friday, October 12, 2007
10:23 AM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> BLDG-SIM@gard.com<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [BLDG-SIM] Heat Pump COP</span></font>
<o:p></o:p>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Yes and no. The energy is
"removed," but the COP improves because the fan heat had a COP of
1.0, and is included in the rated gross kW in and Btuh out. I think the T24 ACM
may have a "method" or formula.<o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center>
</span></font></div>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><b><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold'>From: </span></font></b>Aulbach,
John<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent: </span></b>Thu, 10/11/2007 3:25pm<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To: </span></b>BLDG-SIM@gard.com<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject: </span></b>[BLDG-SIM] Heat Pump COP <o:p></o:p>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>Folks:</span></font> <o:p></o:p>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>In eQuest, the Energy Input Ratio (EIR)
can be derived from EER or COP given for a unit or from a Standard. To
correctly model such a unit, one must subtract the fan energy for the unit to
obtain the EER (EIR) of the compressor only. This improves the input from, say,
a COP of 12.3 to 15.</span></font> <o:p></o:p>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>What about in the case of the heat pump
heating COP? Must one subtract out the fan energy here as well, thus
"worsening" the COP for the heating side?</span></font> <o:p></o:p>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>I cannot find anything written on this
subject.</span></font> <o:p></o:p>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>Thanks.</span></font> <o:p></o:p>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=blue face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>John R. Aulbach, PE, CEM</span></font> <o:p></o:p>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><em><i><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Project Manager</span></font></i></em> <o:p></o:p>
</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
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face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>.</span></font> <o:p></o:p>
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font-family:Arial'>100 North Barranca, <st1:address w:st="on"><st1:Street
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