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<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT
face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff size=2>Hello Gunes,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT
face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT size=2><FONT
color=#0000ff><FONT face="Lucida Console">What I was originally thinking was
along the lines of tuning the UA</FONT><FONT face="Lucida Console" size=2>ΔT
equation </FONT></FONT><FONT face="Lucida Console"><FONT color=#0000ff>with a
correction factor, based on a wall area with known U-value somewhere in your
plant, so that relative U-values could be calculated directly from thermal image
ΔT data elsewhere. </FONT></FONT></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT size=2><FONT
face="Lucida Console"><FONT
color=#0000ff></FONT></FONT></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT size=2><FONT
face="Lucida Console"><FONT color=#0000ff>Given a known indoor temperature, this
correction factor would account for a minor offset in camera calibration, or
alternatively could be used to "tune" the camera calibration, with the objective
of obtaining U-values accurate out two or three decimal
places.</FONT></FONT></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT
face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT
face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff size=2>The application you describe is a bit
different than what I was first envisioning. If you're scanning
residential walls, with less of an emphasis on accuracy and greater emphasis
on surveying large areas quickly, then you may consider this
approach:</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT
face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT
face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff size=2>Since U is inversely proportional to
ΔT, select an area of a given scanned wall with an estimable U-value, e.g.
window, door, or framing elements. Knowing the indoor
temperature Ti and neglecting effects of radiation, convection and thermal
inertia (apologies in advance to all heat-transfer academics), then U-values of
unknown areas are essentially a product of the inverse of the differential
temperatures times the known U-value:</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT
face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT
face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff size=2> U2 = U1 * ((Ti-T1)/(Ti-T2))
</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff
size=2>Lets say the indoor temperature is measured at 20°C, a window in the
thermal scan is estimated at a U-value of 1.0 W/m2*°C, and the external scan
shows the window and adjacent wall temperatures to be 16°C and 10°C
respectively:</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff
size=2> U2 = 1.0 * ((20-16)/(20-10)) = 0.4 W/m2*°C </FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff
size=2>...for the U-value of the wall. Here's where your thermal
imaging postprocessing software will come in handy...exclude the window, and
calculate the average surface temperature of the remaining wall to use in the
equation above.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff
size=2>Hope that helps...</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff
size=2>Regards</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff
size=2>Brandon Nichols, PE<BR>Mechanical<BR>HARGIS ENGINEERS<BR>600 Stewart
St<BR>Suite 1000<BR>Seattle, WA 98101<BR>d | 206.436.0400 c | 206.228.8707<BR>o
| 206.448.3376 f | 206.448.4450<BR><A
href="http://www.hargis.biz">www.hargis.biz</A><BR></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff
size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=270591317-09052007><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff
size=2> </FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=#0000ff size=2></FONT><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=OutlookMessageHeader lang=en-us dir=ltr align=left>
<HR tabIndex=-1>
<FONT face=Tahoma size=2><B>From:</B> BLDG-SIM@gard.com
[mailto:BLDG-SIM@gard.com] <B>On Behalf Of </B>Gunes Inan<BR><B>Sent:</B>
Wednesday, May 09, 2007 7:00 AM<BR><B>To:</B>
BLDG-SIM@gard.com<BR><B>Subject:</B> [BLDG-SIM] On-site U-value
measurement<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV class=Section1>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">Dear
All,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">Thanks for your
replies.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">We currently have a
thermal camera but I never used it to record quantitative results. <st1:City
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Brandon</st1:place></st1:City>, you mentioned
about “tuning” the heat transfer equation. If we write a steady-state surface
heat balance equation for the inner side of the
wall:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">Q_convection=Q_conduction<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">h*(T_air –
T_wall_in)=k*(T_wall_in - T_wall_out)/x_wall <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">where radiation is
negligible and h is known, than we should be able to calculate k and u-value, if
I am not wrong. Is this what you mean by tuning? <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">The u-values that I
obtain either by calculation or measurement need not to be accurate in the
academic level, instead it should be practical so as to analyze more houses and
reach more people. We actually intend to improve the energy efficiency of houses
for which neither we nor the inhabitant have information about the constituents
of the wall.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">Prof. Sibilio,
thanks for referring me the Hukseflux. As I called the company, they told me
that each heat flux measurement takes about 24 hours. Is this the way you do it
or do you know any tricks to get reasonable results in a shorter
time.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">Regards,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">Gunes
Inan<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT
face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN lang=TR style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">
<HR tabIndex=-1 align=center width="100%" SIZE=2>
</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><FONT face=Tahoma size=2><SPAN lang=TR
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">Kimden:</SPAN></FONT></B><FONT
face=Tahoma size=2><SPAN lang=TR style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">
BLDG-SIM@gard.com [mailto:BLDG-SIM@gard.com] <B><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Yerine </SPAN></B>Brandon Nichols<BR><B><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Tarih:</SPAN></B> 08 Mayıs 2007 Salı 20:58<BR><B><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Kime:</SPAN></B> BLDG-SIM@gard.com<BR><B><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Konu:</SPAN></B> [BLDG-SIM] On-site U-value
measurement</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=TR><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=blue size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Console'">Hello,</SPAN></FONT><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=blue size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Console'">You may
find an infrared thermal imager to be a powerful tool, useful for the
application you have indicated and many others. Here's a link to Fluke
Corp. thermal imaging notes for building systems, there are many other
manufacturers...</SPAN></FONT><o:p></o:p></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=blue size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Console'"><A
href="http://us.fluke.com/usen/support/appnotes/default?category=AP_TH_BM(FlukeProducts)&parent=AP_THERMO(FlukeProducts">http://us.fluke.com/usen/support/appnotes/default?category=AP_TH_BM(FlukeProducts)&parent=AP_THERMO(FlukeProducts</A>)</SPAN></FONT><o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=blue size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Console'">For building
systems, the thermal imager is useful for finding voids in insulation,
infiltration losses, calculating the overall heat loss correction due to framing
framing elements, etc..</SPAN></FONT><o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=blue size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Console'">Using the
thermal imager, you will have to "tune" heat loss equations based on
observed temperature differential data to derive U-values. These instruments
typically have the ability to scan large areas and quickly calculate a weighted
average and other statistical factors for each image.
</SPAN></FONT><o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=blue size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Console'">Unfortunately
they are not cheap, and probably overkill for just measuring the
U-values of specific materials. Personally I don't know any way to
measure U-values directly with a hand-held instrument, but it seems such a
device wouldn't be hard to put together with a data acquisition unit and a
couple of thermocouples.</SPAN></FONT><o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=blue size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Console'">Regards</SPAN></FONT><o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Lucida Console" color=blue size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Console'">Brandon
Nichols, PE<BR>Mechanical<BR>HARGIS ENGINEERS<BR><st1:Street
w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">600 Stewart
St</st1:address></st1:Street><BR><st1:address w:st="on"><st1:Street
w:st="on">Suite</st1:Street> 1000</st1:address><BR><st1:place
w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Seattle</st1:City>, <st1:State
w:st="on">WA</st1:State> <st1:PostalCode
w:st="on">98101</st1:PostalCode></st1:place><BR>d | 206.436.0400 c |
206.228.8707<BR>o | 206.448.3376 f | 206.448.4450<BR><A
href="http://www.hargis.biz">www.hargis.biz</A></SPAN></FONT><o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT
face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">
<HR tabIndex=-1 align=center width="100%" SIZE=2>
</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt"><B><FONT face=Tahoma size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">From:</SPAN></FONT></B><FONT
face=Tahoma size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">
BLDG-SIM@gard.com [mailto:BLDG-SIM@gard.com] <B><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">On Behalf Of </SPAN></B>Gunes Inan<BR><B><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Sent:</SPAN></B> Tuesday, May 08, 2007 7:46
AM<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">To:</SPAN></B>
BLDG-SIM@gard.com<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Subject:</SPAN></B>
[BLDG-SIM] On-site U-value measurement</SPAN></FONT><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">Dear
All,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">We are looking for a
hand-held instrument for on-site measurement of the U-value or thermal
conductivity of walls. Any experience about the measurement techniques and
recommendations about instruments and brands are greatly appreciated.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">Thank
You,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">Gunes
Inan</SPAN></FONT><FONT face="Century Gothic" color=navy size=1><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Century Gothic'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Century Gothic" color=navy size=1><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Century Gothic'"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: 5.0pt"><FONT
face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN lang=TR
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">R&D
Engineer</SPAN></FONT><FONT face=Verdana color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=TR
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: 5.0pt"><FONT
face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN lang=TR
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">Betek Paint and
Chemical Corp., Inc. </SPAN></FONT><FONT face=Verdana color=navy size=2><SPAN
lang=TR
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: 5.0pt"><FONT
face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN lang=TR
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">Kavakpınar Mah.,
Tandoğan Cad. No: 175, <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: 5.0pt"><FONT
face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN lang=TR
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">Kaynarca,
Pendik</SPAN></FONT><FONT face=Verdana color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=TR
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: 5.0pt"><FONT
face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN lang=TR
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">Istanbul,
Turkey</SPAN></FONT><FONT face=Verdana color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=TR
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
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face=Verdana color=black size=2><SPAN lang=TR
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">Tel:
+90.216.396.2070 / Ext: 177</SPAN></FONT><FONT face=Verdana color=navy
size=2><SPAN lang=TR style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
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face=Verdana size=2><SPAN lang=TR
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana">Fax:
+90.216.396.6989<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN
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