Hi All,<br><br>Can anyone give me some information /references on the recommended building air conditioning indoor set point temperature for office buildings in Tropical countries (example Thailand)?<br><br>Many thanks<br>
<br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 3/30/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">Peter Alspach</b> <<a href="mailto:peter.alspach@arup.com">peter.alspach@arup.com</a>> wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
<div vlink="purple" link="blue" lang="EN-US">
<div><span><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial" size="2">Marcus,</font></span></div>
<div><span><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial" size="2"></font></span> </div>
<div><span><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial" size="2">I
think that this approach to documenting natural ventilation within the bounds of
Appendix G is the correct one. </font></span></div>
<div><span><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial" size="2"></font></span> </div>
<div><span><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial" size="2">However, there are a couple things I'd like to note for future
consideration:</font></span></div>
<div><span><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial" size="2"></font></span> </div>
<div><span><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial" size="2">1. If
the proposed building can stay within the unmet load hours limits without a
fictitious mechanical cooling system, that should be acceptable, provided that
budget and proposed models have identical thermostat setpoints, etc.
</font></span></div>
<div><span><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial" size="2"></font></span> </div>
<div><span><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial" size="2">2. As
the USGBC considers project carbon savings and benchmarking of buildings versus
target finder, I would encourage a broader view on natural ventilation and other
strategies and the modeling process. In my opinion, for this type of comparison
the building should be modeled exactly as it is to be built and operated - i.e.
don't include fictitious mechanical systems that are not installed or other such
deviations from the as-built condition. We already run this type of model
for owners so they can see what they are really going to expect for energy
savings and indoor conditions and I suspect that others do the
same.</font></span></div>
<div><span><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial" size="2"></font></span> </div>
<div><span><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial" size="2">Thanks
for the good news.</font></span></div>
<div><span><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial" size="2"></font></span> </div>
<div><span><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial" size="2">
<div align="left">
<div align="left">
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2">Peter Alspach, P.E.</font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2">Associate</font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2">Arup</font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2">403 Columbia St., Suite 220</font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2">Seattle, WA 98104</font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2">T: <span onmouseup="SetCallButtonPressed(this, 0,0)" onmousedown="SetCallButtonPressed(this, 1,0)" onmouseover="SetCallButton(this, 1,0);skype_active=CheckCallButton(this);" onmouseout="SetCallButton(this, 0,0);HideSkypeMenu();" class="skype_tb_injection" id="__skype_highlight_id">
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<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2">C: 206-<span><span><span>816</span>-</span></span><span><span>4902</span></span></font></div>
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<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2">E:
<a href="mailto:peter.alspach@arup.com" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">peter.alspach@arup.com</a></font></div></div></div></font></span></div><br>
<div dir="ltr" align="left" lang="en-us">
<hr>
<font face="Tahoma" size="2"><b>From:</b> <a href="mailto:BLDG-SIM@gard.com" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">BLDG-SIM@gard.com</a>
[mailto:<a href="mailto:BLDG-SIM@gard.com" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">BLDG-SIM@gard.com</a>] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Marcus Sheffer<br><b>Sent:</b>
Friday, March 30, 2007 6:45 AM<br><b>To:</b>
<a href="mailto:BLDG-SIM@gard.com" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">BLDG-SIM@gard.com</a><br><b>Subject:</b> [BLDG-SIM] Natural Ventilation in
LEED[Filed 30 Mar 2007 09:36]<br></font><br></div>
<div></div>
<div>
<p><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: navy; font-family: Arial;">FYI a new CIR has been
posted on the USGBC web site regarding natural ventilation systems and LEED
projects.<span> </span>The text is below.<span> </span>Please consider this just a starting
point and general guidance for projects that are similar to the one
described.<span> </span>We welcome
feedback.</span></font></p>
<p><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: navy; font-family: Arial;"> </span></font></p>
<table style="width: 100%;" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in; width: 15%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p style="line-height: 7.65pt;"><b><font color="#474440" face="Trebuchet MS" size="1"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 5.5pt; color: rgb(71, 68, 64);">3/22/2007</span> - </font></b><font color="#474440" face="Trebuchet MS" size="1">
<span style="font-size: 5.5pt; color: rgb(71, 68, 64);"></span></font></p></td>
<td style="padding: 0in;" valign="top">
<p style="line-height: 7.65pt;"><b><font color="#474440" face="Trebuchet MS" size="1"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 5.5pt; color: rgb(71, 68, 64);">Credit
Interpretation Request</span></font></b><font color="#474440" face="Trebuchet MS" size="1"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt; color: rgb(71, 68, 64);"><br><span>Our project consists of two
small buildings close to the ocean that will achieve substantial energy
savings by incorporating a natural ventilation strategy. No mechanical
heating or cooling is intended for either building, with the exception of
a small electrical/server room. <br><br>The building is designed with a
very narrow and long floor plate situated perpendicular to prevailing
winds in the area. Ventilation openings are consistent with the
requirements of ASHRAE 62.1-2004 Section 6.8. The project also meets the
requirements outlined in the CIBSE Applications Manual 10: 2005 as
referenced in EQc2 for Natural ventilation in non-domestic buildings. Per
Title-24 2005 requirements for natural ventilation, the sum of operable
windows will be greater than 5% of the floor area of each space that is
naturally ventilated. The openings will also be readily accessible to the
occupants of each space at all times. Outdoor airflow through the openings
in regularly occupied spaces will come directly from the outdoors, not
through intermediate spaces such as other occupied spaces or corridors.
Openings include operable windows, through-the roof ventilators, and vents
between interior spaces. Control mechanisms for the natural ventilation
openings are manual. A long, tall hallway situated perpendicular to the
prevailing winds will collect heated air and exhaust it the outside. The
roof over much of the space is sloped allowing air to enter on the low
side and exit on the high side. In all cases, the building is designed to
facilitate cross-ventilation with windows low on the walls for drawing the
air in, and windows and vents high in opposite walls or on the roof to
draw air out. Under ASHRAE 55 definitions, the building spaces are defined
as "naturally conditioned spaces, occupant controlled" where the thermal
conditions of the spaces are regulated primarily by the opening and
closing of windows or vents by the occupants. Since the building will have
a limited number of occupants most of the time, manual control of the
windows and vents has been determined the most appropriate strategy for
the building to allow control over individual thermal comfort. As
indicated by ASHRAE 55-2004, section 5.3, the occupants of the space will
be engaged in near sedentary activities with metabolic rates ranging from
1.0 met to 1.3 met. The mean monthly outdoor temperature for the project
is greater than 50 deg. <span>F,</span> and less than 92.3
deg. F all months of the year, as required under ASHRAE 55-2004, section
5.3 for naturally ventilated buildings. <br><br>The User's Manual for
ASHRAE 90.1-2004 Appendix G states on page G-21: The proposed building
default cooling system does not exclude natural ventilation from
consideration. It just means that the proposed building is modeled as a
hybrid system where cooling is provided by natural ventilation when
conditions are acceptable and by the default mechanical cooling system
when natural ventilation is inadequate to provide thermal comfort. We are
requesting confirmation that the following modeling strategy conforms to
the requirements of ASHRAE 90.1-2004 Appendix G modeling
protocol:<br><br>1. EnergyPlus will be used to model the building since
the EnergyPlus software has the capability to evaluate energy and comfort
parameters tied to natural ventilation.<br><br>2. The Exceptional
Calculation Methodology will be applied to calculate the natural
ventilation savings.<br><br>3. The Proposed Design model will be developed
to reflect the design parameters for the envelope and lighting. Operable
windows will be modeled as fixed, and vents will not be included in the
model. Mechanical systems will be modeled identically to the default
heating, cooling and fan systems in the Baseline case, except that fans in
the proposed case will be modeled as cycling on and off to meet heating
and cooling loads during all hours in the proposed case, and will operate
continuously during occupied hours in the Baseline Case (per the exception
shown in Table G3.1.4).<br><br>4. Using the Exceptional Calculation
Methodology, The Proposed Design case will be modified to include natural
ventilation for all hours when the cooling and heating loads can be met.
Operable windows and vents will be modeled as designed. Cooling and
heating setpoint temperatures will be identical to those in the Baseline
Case. Schedules will be adjusted to switch on mechanical cooling during
hours when natural ventilation alone cannot meet the space temperature
setpoints. The final model will meet the ASHRAE G3.1.2.2 requirements
stipulating that the Proposed Design cannot exceed the Baseline Design
unmet load hours by more than 50, and that unmet load hours for the
Proposed Design and Baseline Design cannot exceed 300. <br><br>5. (Plan B)
If the hybrid system cannot be manipulated to meet the unmet load hour
requirements within the energy model, hourly output data from a natural
ventilation model (having no mechanical cooling) and the Proposed Design
model will be combined in a spreadsheet. Each hour where cooling and
heating setpoints are met in the natural ventilation model, the hourly
results for that model will be used. For all other hours, the hourly
results from the Proposed Design Model will be used.<br><br>6. An
Exceptional Calculation Methodology narrative provided with the EAc1
submittal will document any schedule adjustments and assumptions that were
made to develop the hybrid system. The savings will also be included as a
separate line item on the EAc1 submittal.<br><br>Is our proposed energy
modeling strategy for natural ventilation
acceptable?</span></span></font></p></td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in;">
<p style="line-height: 7.65pt;"><font color="#474440" face="Trebuchet MS" size="1"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt; color: rgb(71, 68, 64);"> </span></font></p></td>
<td style="padding: 0in;">
<p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></font></p></td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in; width: 15%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p style="line-height: 7.65pt;"><b><span><font color="#474440" face="Trebuchet MS" size="1"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 5.5pt; color: rgb(71, 68, 64);">3/22/2007</span> - </font></span></b><font color="#474440" face="Trebuchet MS" size="1">
<span style="font-size: 5.5pt; color: rgb(71, 68, 64);"></span></font></p></td>
<td style="padding: 0in;" valign="top">
<p style="line-height: 7.65pt;"><b><font color="#474440" face="Trebuchet MS" size="1"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 5.5pt; color: rgb(71, 68, 64);">Ruling</span></font></b><font color="#474440" face="Trebuchet MS" size="1">
<span style="font-size: 5.5pt; color: rgb(71, 68, 64);"><br><span>The project is requesting
approval for the method of modeling natural ventilation as an energy
efficiency measure and for taking credit under EA credit 1.
<br><br>Submittals for natural ventilation savings will be evaluated on a
case by case basis. <br><br>The tools and analysis protocol proposed is
acceptable for modeling ventilation savings in this instance. Other
analysis tools may also be appropriate.<br><br>To be able to adequately
document the process and the results, please be sure to provide in the
LEED submittal the following: <br><br>· A detailed project description
<br>· Clear identification of the areas that are taking credit for natural
ventilation<br>· A detailed description or references that document the
modeling algorithms and/or methodology for the natural ventilation portion
of the energy model<br>· All thermostat, fan, infiltration and other
appropriate schedules for naturally ventilated areas<br><br>Also, the
submitted evaluation must demonstrate that the range of unmet load hours
is similar for both the proposed and baseline building, to ensure that
savings are not claimed for hours outside of the control parameters. In
this case, the project has proposed to meet these peak loads with a
hypothetical cooling system in the proposed building.<br><br>The project
will also need to clearly demonstrate that the operational schedule for
the natural ventilation system as modeled aligns with anticipated occupant
behavior in terms of scheduled occupancy vs. modeled operation. For
example, the model cannot assume that natural ventilation will occur when
no one is in the building to operate the system.<br><br>Because manual
control is not addressed by the Appendix G modeling methodology, the
manual control features of this project must be submitted under the
exceptional calculation methodology for case by case review. The project
must be prepared to demonstrate convincingly that a manual control
strategy is appropriate and workable for this project.<br><br>Please also
be sure to take credit for this measure as a separate item on the LEED-NC
v2.2 Submittal Template.<br><br></span></span></font></p></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: navy; font-family: Arial;"> </span></font></p>
<p><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: navy; font-family: Arial;"> </span></font></p>
<div>
<p><font color="green" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: green; font-family: Arial;">Marcus
Sheffer – Vice Chair USGBC EA TAG</span></font><font color="navy"><span style="color: navy;"></span></font></p>
<p><font color="green" face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: green; font-family: Arial;">Energy
Opportunities, Inc/a 7group Company</span></font><font color="navy"><span style="color: navy;"></span></font></p>
<p><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt; color: navy; font-family: Arial;">1200
E Camping Area Road,
Wellsville, PA 17365</span></font><font color="navy"><span style="color: navy;"></span></font></p>
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<img src="chrome://skype_ff_toolbar_win/content/space.gif" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; height: 1px; width: 1px;" class="skype_tb_img_space" height="1" width="1"><img src="chrome://skype_ff_toolbar_win/content/space.gif" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; height: 1px; width: 1px;" class="skype_tb_img_space" height="1" width="1">
<img src="chrome://skype_ff_toolbar_win/content/space.gif" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; height: 1px; width: 1px;" class="skype_tb_img_space" height="1" width="1">717-292-2636</span><span style="background-image: url(chrome://skype_ff_toolbar_win/content/cb_normal_r.gif);" class="skype_tb_injection_left_img" id="__skype_highlight_id_right_adge">
<img src="chrome://skype_ff_toolbar_win/content/cb_transparent_r.gif" style="height: 11px; width: 19px;" class="skype_tb_img_adge" height="11"></span></span></span>,
</span></font><font color="navy"><span style="color: navy;"><a href="mailto:sheffer@sevengroup.com" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><font face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt; font-family: Arial;">
sheffer@sevengroup.com</span></font></a></span></font></p>
<p><font color="navy" face="Arial" size="1"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt; color: navy; font-family: Arial;"><a href="http://www.sevengroup.com" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">www.sevengroup.com
</a></span></font><font color="navy"><span style="color: navy;"></span></font></p>
<p><font color="navy" face="Times New Roman" size="3"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: navy;"> </span></font><font face="Arial"><span style="font-family: Arial;"></span></font></p></div>
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</blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Kofoworola, O.F.