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<BODY lang=EN-US vLink=purple link=blue>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=899070214-06112008><FONT face=Arial
color=#0000ff size=2>Dan,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=899070214-06112008><FONT face=Arial
color=#0000ff size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=899070214-06112008><FONT face=Arial
color=#0000ff size=2>The simplified response from the engineer (he's pretty busy
right now, so I don't want to press much) is:</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=899070214-06112008><FONT face=Arial
color=#0000ff size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=899070214-06112008><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">“Talk to floor
manufacturers. Model all energy and air flow paths. Expect improvements in
energy programs. Monitor CO<SUB>2</SUB>.” </SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=899070214-06112008><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=899070214-06112008><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Some comments from past
discussions with him about UFAD and the GSA that may be of some use to
you:</SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=899070214-06112008><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff
size=2>-----------------------------------------------------</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN
class=899070214-06112008>Starting with this article:</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><FONT color=#000000><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Courier New'">GSA Moving Towards Ban on
Underfloor Air Distribution </SPAN><BR><FONT face="Courier New" size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Courier New'">
</SPAN></FONT></FONT><A
title=http://www.buildinggreen.com/auth/article.cfm?fileName=160704a.xml
href="http://www.buildinggreen.com/auth/article.cfm?fileName=160704a.xml"><FONT
title=http://www.buildinggreen.com/auth/article.cfm?fileName=160704a.xml
face="Courier New" size=2><SPAN
title=http://www.buildinggreen.com/auth/article.cfm?fileName=160704a.xml
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Courier New'">http://www.buildinggreen.com/auth/article.cfm?fileName=160704a.xml</SPAN></FONT></A><FONT
face="Times New Roman" color=#000000 size=3> </FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT
face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=3><SPAN
class=899070214-06112008>"</SPAN>Thanks for referring this. The past several
releases of the GSA P-100 standard have incrementally retreated from an earlier
strong UFAD endorsement.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p><FONT
face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT
face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=3>We need to inform the GSA and those refining
the energy modeling of our recent use of insulated ceramic coatings on the top
of the floor slab and exterior plenum edges, which offers multiple benefits:
<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<UL style="MARGIN-TOP: 0in" type=disc>
<LI class=MsoNormal style="COLOR: black; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><FONT
face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">It helps seal the supply air
plenum against air leakage,</SPAN> <SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT>
<LI class=MsoNormal style="COLOR: black; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT
size=3>it increases the R value (by 3 or more, depending on coating thickness)
between the supply air plenum and the return air plenum typically located
beneath it, <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN>
<LI class=MsoNormal style="COLOR: black; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT
size=3>it insulates the supply air plenum from the exterior wall’s typical
strong conductive path to the floor slab/structure, thus directing a greater
portion of the absorbed solar/conductive heat gain into the return air plenum
and into thermal storage instead of into the supply air plenum,
<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN>
<LI class=MsoNormal style="COLOR: black; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT
size=3>it helps speed the morning cool-down process by reducing the thermal
link to the mass of the slab, and <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN>
<LI class=MsoNormal style="COLOR: black; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><FONT
face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">it provides a clean, known surface
in the supply air plenum (addresses construction dust in all projects and
adhesive/VAT/other residues in renovation projects).</SPAN>
</FONT></FONT></LI></UL>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="COLOR: black; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><FONT
face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT
face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=3><SPAN
class=899070214-06112008><snipped..></SPAN> The article’s mention of
GSA possibly delaying judgment until definitive load calculation procedures are
available is on point. That also would allow the benefits of top-of-slab ceramic
insulation coatings to be quantified and assessed for cost-effective
thicknesses/R value. <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT
face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=3>The Center for the Built Environment at the
University of California, Berkley, has done some notable UFAD modeling,
including some runs with insulation below the floor slab, but not on top (they
weren’t aware of the possibility). I had discussed the advantages of the latter
approach <SPAN class=899070214-06112008>[</SPAN>i.e. as <SPAN
class=899070214-06112008>above</SPAN><SPAN class=899070214-06112008>]</SPAN>
with them, and they were intrigued with the possibilities, though their research
docket was heavily loaded.<SPAN
class=899070214-06112008>"</SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2></FONT> </DIV><!-- Converted from text/rtf format -->
<P><SPAN lang=en-us><FONT face=Arial size=2>QUINN EVANS |
ARCHITECTS</FONT></SPAN> <BR><SPAN lang=en-us><B><FONT face=Arial size=2>John E.
Beeson, LEED AP</FONT></B></SPAN> <BR><SPAN lang=en-us><FONT face=Arial size=2>d
734 926 0425</FONT></SPAN> </P>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2></FONT> </DIV><FONT face=Arial
size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><BR>
<DIV class=OutlookMessageHeader lang=en-us dir=ltr align=left>
<HR tabIndex=-1>
<FONT face=Tahoma size=2><B>From:</B> Dan Russell
[mailto:danr@engineeringinc.com] <BR><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, November 05, 2008
10:51 AM<BR><B>To:</B> John E. Beeson;
bldg-rate@lists.onebuilding.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> RE: [Bldg-rate] ASHRAE 62.1
Compliance with Underfloor-AirDistribution<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV class=Section1>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d">John, <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d">Thanks for the response. I
suppose when designing a UFAD project one needs to utilize controllable
diffusers with adjustable minimum settings or determine acceptable leakage rates
through access-floors and diffusers. The latter, I’m sure, will take a
greater degree of coordination with the architectural team, and would likely
need to be documentable to satisfy the USGBC. Do your colleagues have any
common resources for determining the expected leakage through access-floor
assemblies? The diffuser leakage should be attainable, I would imagine,
from the diffuser manufacturer. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d">This whole idea of using leakage
to meet ventilation requirements is sort of funny when I think of at least one
premier LEED Platinum building that was constructed in the downtown area here in
Boise, ID. When the air balance was being performed for the air handlers
they determined that they were losing a significant amount of air thru the floor
system. So, the construction/design (I’m not sure which) decided this was
a problem that needed to be solved because leakage was unacceptable in their
minds. The story goes that they proceeded to hire a bunch of high-school
kids to come in and tape every access-floor joint in the
building…floor-by-floor, wing-by-wing until it was completely “sealed
up.”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d">I have no idea what the actual
leakage rate was before or after this process, but I would think for it to be a
good design one would need some documentation or accepted calculation
methodology for accurately determining the real leakage rate thru the floor
system. Also, this leakage rate, though small, should probably be
considered in a space heating load calculation. Furthermore, leakage if
present should be accounted for in energy simulations either as re-heat load, or
reduction in cooling load – which I don’t recall reading in the UFAD modeling
resources I have used.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d">Lastly, with leakage at 0.25
CFM/SF that will rarely be sufficient to meet minimum ventilation requirements
unless the OA% at the air handler is near 100%. With that in mind, it
seems almost imperative to have controllable minimum setpoints on the UFAD
diffusers so that compliance with ASHRAE 62.1 can be calculated, documented, and
realized.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d">Quick recap of questions I posed
above:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraph
style="TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><![if !supportLists]><SPAN
style="COLOR: #1f497d"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">1.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><![endif]><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d">Are there any
commonly accepted calculation methodologies for determining the expected leakage
through access-floor assemblies?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraph
style="TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><![if !supportLists]><SPAN
style="COLOR: #1f497d"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><![endif]><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d">Should UFAD
designers consider leakage as increased space heating load or reduced space
cooling load?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoListParagraph
style="TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><![if !supportLists]><SPAN
style="COLOR: #1f497d"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">3.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><![endif]><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d">How are energy
simulations accounting for expected leakage?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d">Thanks again for your
response,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: #a0002f; FONT-FAMILY: Cheltenham"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; COLOR: #a0002f; FONT-FAMILY: Cheltenham">Dan Russell,
EIT <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #a0002f; FONT-FAMILY: Cheltenham"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #a0002f; FONT-FAMILY: Cheltenham"><IMG
id=Picture_x0020_1 height=174 alt=cid:image001.jpg@01C840A4.E711B250
src="cid:image001.jpg@01C93F1E.318D4380" width=200></SPAN><SPAN
style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<DIV
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: #b5c4df 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 3pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'">From:</SPAN></B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'">
bldg-rate-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org
[mailto:bldg-rate-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org] <B>On Behalf Of </B>John E.
Beeson<BR><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, November 05, 2008 7:14 AM<BR><B>To:</B>
bldg-rate@lists.onebuilding.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: [Bldg-rate] ASHRAE 62.1
Compliance with Underfloor-Air Distribution<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Dan,</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">I passed
your note over to some experienced UFAD mechanical engineers (they have done
many projects with UFAD that met LEED and ASHRAE 62.1).</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">The
response is below. I hope this helps some!</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">John</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'">
<HR align=center width="100%" SIZE=2>
</SPAN></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'"> <STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'">Sent:</SPAN></STRONG> Tuesday,
November 04, 2008 4:15 PM<BR><B>Subject:</B> RE: ASHRAE 62.1 Compliance with
Underfloor-Air Distribution<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">A
combination of factors and options must be considered. Most UFAD systems include
large open office areas, for which C02 monitoring can be applied, and there is a
non-trivial amount of general leakage of supply air through the floor and the
diffusers, even in minimum settings. Depending on the UF plenum pressure and the
floor and carpet systems used, this may be 0.25 CFM per SF, beyond what the
diffusers provide at their minimum. Some UFAD diffusers have definable minimum
stops, and some (e.g. the Titus TAF-LV system) can be designed and controlled to
provide a minimum aperture area, which, in conjunction with known underfloor
plenum pressures, can provide defined amounts of supply
air.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt"><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'">From:</SPAN></B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'">
bldg-rate-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org
[mailto:bldg-rate-bounces@lists.onebuilding.org] <B>On Behalf Of </B>Dan
Russell<BR><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, November 04, 2008 11:07 AM<BR><B>To:</B>
bldg-rate@lists.onebuilding.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> [Bldg-rate] ASHRAE 62.1
Compliance with Underfloor-Air Distribution</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal>Hello All,<o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal>I am struggling with determining how the common UFAD systems
today are meeting ASHRAE 62.1. The systems which I have seen utilize floor
grilles with either a motorized damper controlled via wall-mounted t-stat or a
manual damper. When the space is satisfied the dampers close and all of a
sudden there is no supply air entering the space. This is also the case
during all heating modes I have observed in UFAD systems. During heating
mode for these systems the primary supply air is completely shut-off and the
space is heated using 100% re-circulated air from the space.
<o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal>I recently attended a seminar by a UFAD manufacturer where
one of the speakers was a chief engineer for the company. After the
seminar I posed this question to him, only to have him respond by saying that
it’s a tough issue to tackle and he’s not sure how compliance would be
met. I’ve also been told that since heating only takes place on the
perimeter that ventilation is drawn from interior zones. I’ve also been
told, “Well we generally only see corridors on the perimeter of buildings with
UFAD.” To my knowledge ASHRAE 62.1 doesn’t allow ventilation from interior
zones to compensate for perimeter zones that have little or no primary air flow.
Also, ASHRAE 62.1 requires ventilation in corridors anyways so this
argument seems to be just as weaselly. ASHRAE 62.1 requires zones to be
adequately ventilated during all load conditions, which includes no load or
heating load<o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal>UFAD seems to be touted as the Messiah of multi-story office
HVAC, but the lack of ventilation air appears to be a glaring omission. Am
I missing something about these systems? <o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal>Does anyone know how to design a UFAD system that complies
with ASHRAE 62.1? Surely there have been several successful LEED
certifications for projects utilizing UFAD technology; does anyone know if
the USGBC has given guidelines for this issue?<o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: #a0002f; FONT-FAMILY: Cheltenham"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; COLOR: #a0002f; FONT-FAMILY: Cheltenham">Dan Russell,
EIT <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #a0002f; FONT-FAMILY: Cheltenham"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
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